Find the 12th Class Fsc Part 2 Short Questions Online Preparation Biology

Question # 1

Differentiate between sense and anti sense strands of DNA.

Ans 1: Sense strand; The strand of DNA which is opposite to the antisense strand and is not transcribe is known as sense strand or coding strand.
Ans 2: Anti-sense strand: Only one of the two strands of DNA are transcribed. This strand is called template strand or the antisense strand

Question # 2

Explain gene and allele.

Ans 1: Gene is a part a DNA which can provide instruction for the synthesis of a protein.It is unit of inheritance.
Ans 2: Allele is an alternate from of gene.

Question # 3

Differentiate between resting membrane potential and active membrane potential.

Ans 1: Resting membrane potential A typical neuron at rest is more positive outside than inside the cell membrane.This net difference in charge between the inner and outer surface of a non-conducting neuron is called resting membrane potential.
Ans 2: Active membrane potential In active membrane potential inner membrane surface become more positive than outside.it is from of impulse.This change is so brief that only a portion of it is in active membrane potential.

Question # 4

Define evolution.

Ans 1: Evolution refers to the processes that have transformed life on earth from its earliest forms to the vast diversity that we observe today.

Question # 5

Why seed plants are predominantly present all around as?

Ans 1: Seed plants are very common around us become these plants are have many adaptations to survive on land like protected seeds,flower and fruit formation.Seed dispersal plays an important role in distribution of flowering plants.

Question # 6

Define Mutation.

Ans 1: The sudden change in DNA or gene is called mutation.

Question # 7

Write about cleavage and discoidal cleavage.

Ans 1: The series of mitotic divisions after fertilization of egg is called cleavage.Process of cell division is confined to the small disc of protoplasm laying on the surface of yolk at animal pole.This type of cleavage is called discoidal cleavage.

Question # 8

Define plasmid.Give its uses.

Ans 1: Plasmid are natural extra chromosomal circular DNA molecules which carry genes for antibiotic resistance and fertility etc.
plamids are used as vector to insert desire gene into bacterial or host cell.

Question # 9

Where codon and anticodon are situated?

Ans 1: Codon are situated on mRNA(messenger RNA) while anticodon are situated on tRNA(transfer RNA).

Question # 10

Name types of RNA.

Ans 1: There are three types of RNA,which are named as
Ans 2: i) Transfer RNA or tRNA, ii) Messenger RNA or mRNA, iii) Ribosomal RNA or r RNA.

Question # 11

Why is blood group AB called as universal recipient?

Ans 1: AB blood group is called recipient because they have both A and B antigens but no antibodies,so they can easily accept or receive any type of blood group i.e,A,B,AB or O

Question # 12

Give to role of cytoplasm in the development of an Ascidian.

Ans 1: For types of cytoplasm in Ascidian are
i) Clear cytoplasm produces larval epidermis
Ans 2: ii) Yellow cytoplasm produces muscle cell.
Ans 3: iii) Grey vegetal cytoplasm gives rise to gut
Ans 4: iv) Grey equitorial cytoplasm produce notochord and neural tube.

Question # 13

Define apical and intercalary meristem.

Ans 1: Apical meristem: Apical meristem found at the tips of shoot and root. The cells of apical meristem has ability to divide throughout plant life. These are basically related to extension of plant body.
Ans 2: Intercalary meristem: These are the part of apical meristem which get separated from apex by permanent tissues. They are situated at the base of internode. They play important role in production of leaves and flowers.

Question # 14

Define hydrospheric ecosystem.

Ans 1: An ecosystem present in water where living and non living components exchange their material and transfer of energy also takes place within water.

Question # 15

Differentiate between pyrimidines and purines.

Ans 1: Pyrimidines: Pyrimidines are nitrogenous bases present in nucleic acids,having only single ringed structure which is only six cornered.
Examples: Cytosine,Thymine and uracil.
Ans 2: Purines: Purines are another type of nitrogenous bases present in nuclei acids having double ringed structure. One ring issoc cornered while second is of five cornered.
Example: Adenine & Guanine.

Question # 16

Define lichens. Or What are lichens?

Ans 1: Lichens:It is the association between algae and fungi.Fungi give protection to algae from dessication while algae perform photosynthesis and provide nutrition to algae.

Question # 17

Define geotropism.

Ans 1: Response of plant parts to the gravity is called geotropism.Roots show positive geotropism and stem shows negative geotropism.

Question # 18

Define mutualism. Give example.

Ans 1: It is an association in which both members and partners get benefit from each other is called mutualism. For Example: Mycorrhiza. It is an symbiotic association between the roots of higher plants and hyphae of the fungi is called mycorrhiza. Fungus provides nutrient to the plant and in turn itself get carbohydrates from the plant

Question # 19

Differentiate between habitat and niche.

Ans 1: Habitat: Habitat is the place where an organism lives or home of the species is called habitat.
Ans 2: Niche: The role or profession of the species is called niche.

Question # 20

What are bioreactors?

Ans 1: Recombinant DNA technology is used to produce bacteria that reproduce in large vats (tanks) called bioreactors.

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