ICOM Part 2 Commercial Geography Chapter 13 Short Questions with Answers

Question # 1

Ans 1: Northern China, Central Russian Federation including Siberia, North-Western India, the Mediterranean basin, the Danubian plain and southern Russia, South eastern Australia, the Pampa of Argentina, the Colombian Plateau, spring wheat belt of the northern Great Plains of U.S.A and Canada, Central and Southern region of U.S.A are best known areas of wheat cultivation at commercial level in the world.

Question # 2

Ans 1: China ranks at the top in wheat production in the world, its production is about 130.2 million metric tonns, while are under cultivation is 22 million hectares.

Question # 3

Ans 1: In the Northern Hemisphere wheat is cultivated between 25 degrees - 55 degrees latitude while in the Southern Hemisphere wheat crop extends from 30 degrees - 40 degrees latitudes. Worlds 90 percent wheat production comes from northern hemisphere while only 10 percent wheat is produced in the Southern Hemisphere.

Question # 4

Question # 5

Ans 1: In the continent of Europe although Russian Federation is largest wheat producer but has vast areas in the Asian continent. Therefore France ranks at the top in wheat production in the continent of Europe.

Question # 6

Ans 1: An Asian country Qatar is at the bottom in wheat production in the world.

Question # 7

Ans 1: Following physical conditions are required for best vegetative growth of wheat crop. Wheat is winter crop and during its growing on hundred sunny days and temperature from 15 degrees - 170 degrees is best suitable, while 10- 20 inches rainfall - well distributed - is required. Wheat crop does best in the well drained clayey loams having plenty of humus. While dark coloured Chernozem soils of temperate grassland are most suitable for wheat.

Question # 8

Ans 1: In any discussion of the geography of wheat, on should note that the crop falls into two categories, winter wheat and spring wheat, also hard wheat and soft wheat:
i. Winter wheat: comprises the great bulk, at least 75% of the world's average and is grown universally when physical conditions permit. Winter wheat is sown in the fall and harvested in the late spring or early summer.
ii. Spring wheat: which is planted in the spring harvested in the late autumn, prevails in areas where winters are extremally severe. U.S.A, China, Canada & Russian Federation grow, spring wheat.

Question # 9

Ans 1: The cultivation of wheat in the Americans-Western Hemisphere was introduced by the Spaniards in Mexico and by States in Virginia.

Question # 10

Ans 1: Wheat was probably one of the first plant to be cultivated by human. Remains of wheat have been found by archaeological working on sites in the Middle East (Iraq) from the 7th millennium B.C (6750 B.C). The home of major wheat species is northwest Pakistan, Afghanistan, Iran, Anatolian plateau and Abyssinia. The common bread wheat probably originated in northwestern part of Pakistan and southern Afghanistan. Bread wheat was identified at 6th millennium B.C site in Southern Turkistan.