ICOM Part 2 Commercial Geography Chapter 13 Short Questions with Answers

Question # 1

Ans 1: Wheat was probably one of the first plant to be cultivated by human. Remains of wheat have been found by archaeological working on sites in the Middle East (Iraq) from the 7th millennium B.C (6750 B.C). The home of major wheat species is northwest Pakistan, Afghanistan, Iran, Anatolian plateau and Abyssinia. The common bread wheat probably originated in northwestern part of Pakistan and southern Afghanistan. Bread wheat was identified at 6th millennium B.C site in Southern Turkistan.

Question # 2

Ans 1: In the world, 120 countries cultivate wheat crop but only 50 countries produce sufficient amount of wheat. While only a few countries contribute major part of wheat production in world, these are as following; China India, U.S.A, Russian Federation, France, Australia, Canada, Germany, Pakistan & Trukey.

Question # 3

Ans 1: Out of total land area of the world, wheat is cultivated at one percent, while total wheat cultivated area is more than 224.9 million hectares. Which is double the acreage of the two runners up rice and corn.

Question # 4

Ans 1: China ranks at the top in wheat production in the world, its production is about 130.2 million metric tonns, while are under cultivation is 22 million hectares.

Question # 5

Ans 1: The cultivation of wheat in the Americans-Western Hemisphere was introduced by the Spaniards in Mexico and by States in Virginia.

Question # 6

Ans 1: Wheat is an important food crop, therefore it is exported at large scale in the international market. U.S.A, Canada, France, Australia, Argentina are major wheat exporting countries in the world.

Question # 7

Ans 1: Following physical conditions are required for best vegetative growth of wheat crop. Wheat is winter crop and during its growing on hundred sunny days and temperature from 15 degrees - 170 degrees is best suitable, while 10- 20 inches rainfall - well distributed - is required. Wheat crop does best in the well drained clayey loams having plenty of humus. While dark coloured Chernozem soils of temperate grassland are most suitable for wheat.

Question # 8

Question # 9

Ans 1: This region covers prairies in U.S.A and Canada. The region of Canada encompasses the states of Alberta, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, while parts of Montana, North and South Dakota and western Minnesota of U.S.A occupies a larger area and is called "Grain Basket of the World".

Question # 10

Ans 1: In the Northern Hemisphere wheat is cultivated between 25 degrees - 55 degrees latitude while in the Southern Hemisphere wheat crop extends from 30 degrees - 40 degrees latitudes. Worlds 90 percent wheat production comes from northern hemisphere while only 10 percent wheat is produced in the Southern Hemisphere.