Fsc part 2 Online Preparation for Chemistry Chapter 10 (Alkhl Halidies)

Online Short Questions For Chapter 10 "12th Class Chemistry Chapter 10 Short Questions Preparation "

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Chemistry - 12th Class Chemistry Chapter 10 Short Questions Preparation

Question # 1

What are elimination reaction?

Ans 1: When nucleophile attacks on hydrogen atom attached to the b carbon of the alkyl halide,we get an alkene such type of reaction are called elimination reaction.

Question # 2

What is the role of stability of carbonium ion in deciding the Mechanism of substitution reaction.

Ans 1: The first step involve the breakage of covalent bond so it is slow step as compared to the second step which involves the energetically favourable combination of ions.The first step is therefore called the rate determining step.The mechanism is called unimolecular because one molecule takes part in the rate determining step.

Question # 3

Give reason for reactivity Grignard reagent?

Ans 1: The reactivity of Grignard reagent is due to the nature of C-mg Bond which is highly polar,Magnesium is more electropositive than carbons and the C-mg bond though covalent is highly polar ,giving alkyl carbons the partial negative charge,This negative charge is unusual character which makes the alkyl group highly reactive towards electrophile center. Mostly reaction shown by Grignard reagent are exothermic.

Question # 4

Inversion of configuration is 50% in S_n1.Explain?

Ans 1: In S_n1 mechanism the nucleophile attacks when the leaving group had already gone,carbocation is a planner specie allowing the nucleophile to attack on it from both the direction with equal ease,We therefore observe 50% inversion of configuration and 50% reternation of configuration.

Question # 5

Define Nucleophile.

Ans 1: Nucleophile means nucleus loving ,It has an unshared electron paired available for bonding and in most cases it is basic in character,It may have negatively charged or neutral.

Question # 6

Give mechanism of E1 elimination reaction in two steps.

Ans 1: .In E1 mechanism the first step is the slow ionization of the substrate to give a carbocation.In the second step the nucleophile attacks on hydrogen to give an alkene as a product.

Question # 7

How will you prepare Ethyl chloride using thionylchloride.

Ans 1: Alcholos reacts with thinoyl chloride in pyridine as a solving to give alkyl chlorides This method is especially useful since the by production are gases which escape leaving behind the pure product.

Question # 8

Write a note on R-Mg-X.

Ans 1: R-Mg-X are known are Grignard reagent,These are derivatives of alkyl halides belonging to class of organo metallic compounds,Grignard reagent is so important in organic synthesis that almost all the classes of organic compounds can be prepared from them,Due to their importance and application Victor Grignard was awarded Noble Prize in Chemistry.

Question # 9

Reaction of ethyl bromide with OH nucleophile is S_n2 justify?

Ans 1: In nucleophilic substitution bimolecular the direction of attack of OH^-,the attaching nucleophile is from the side which is opposite to the leaving group ,in order to give to the nucleophile enough room to attack on ethyl bromide the substrate carbon atom changes its state of hybridization from tetrahedral.

Question # 10

Give importance of Grignard reagents?

Ans 1: Grignard reagents is so important in organic synthesis that almost almost all the classes of organic compound can be prepared from them.,Due to their importance and application Victor Grignared was awarded Nobel Prize in chemistry.

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Prepare Complete Set Wise Questions For Chapter 10 "12th Class Chemistry Chapter 10 Short Questions Preparation "

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12th Class Chemistry Chapter 10 Short Questions Preparation - Set 1

Question # 1

What are elimination reaction?

Ans 1: When nucleophile attacks on hydrogen atom attached to the b carbon of the alkyl halide,we get an alkene such type of reaction are called elimination reaction.

Question # 2

What is the role of stability of carbonium ion in deciding the Mechanism of substitution reaction.

Ans 1: The first step involve the breakage of covalent bond so it is slow step as compared to the second step which involves the energetically favourable combination of ions.The first step is therefore called the rate determining step.The mechanism is called unimolecular because one molecule takes part in the rate determining step.

Question # 3

Give reason for reactivity Grignard reagent?

Ans 1: The reactivity of Grignard reagent is due to the nature of C-mg Bond which is highly polar,Magnesium is more electropositive than carbons and the C-mg bond though covalent is highly polar ,giving alkyl carbons the partial negative charge,This negative charge is unusual character which makes the alkyl group highly reactive towards electrophile center. Mostly reaction shown by Grignard reagent are exothermic.

Question # 4

Inversion of configuration is 50% in S_n1.Explain?

Ans 1: In S_n1 mechanism the nucleophile attacks when the leaving group had already gone,carbocation is a planner specie allowing the nucleophile to attack on it from both the direction with equal ease,We therefore observe 50% inversion of configuration and 50% reternation of configuration.

Question # 5

Define Nucleophile.

Ans 1: Nucleophile means nucleus loving ,It has an unshared electron paired available for bonding and in most cases it is basic in character,It may have negatively charged or neutral.

Question # 6

Give mechanism of E1 elimination reaction in two steps.

Ans 1: .In E1 mechanism the first step is the slow ionization of the substrate to give a carbocation.In the second step the nucleophile attacks on hydrogen to give an alkene as a product.

Question # 7

How will you prepare Ethyl chloride using thionylchloride.

Ans 1: Alcholos reacts with thinoyl chloride in pyridine as a solving to give alkyl chlorides This method is especially useful since the by production are gases which escape leaving behind the pure product.

Question # 8

Write a note on R-Mg-X.

Ans 1: R-Mg-X are known are Grignard reagent,These are derivatives of alkyl halides belonging to class of organo metallic compounds,Grignard reagent is so important in organic synthesis that almost all the classes of organic compounds can be prepared from them,Due to their importance and application Victor Grignard was awarded Noble Prize in Chemistry.

Question # 9

Reaction of ethyl bromide with OH nucleophile is S_n2 justify?

Ans 1: In nucleophilic substitution bimolecular the direction of attack of OH^-,the attaching nucleophile is from the side which is opposite to the leaving group ,in order to give to the nucleophile enough room to attack on ethyl bromide the substrate carbon atom changes its state of hybridization from tetrahedral.

Question # 10

Give importance of Grignard reagents?

Ans 1: Grignard reagents is so important in organic synthesis that almost almost all the classes of organic compound can be prepared from them.,Due to their importance and application Victor Grignared was awarded Nobel Prize in chemistry.

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12th Class Chemistry Chapter 10 Short Questions Preparation - Set 2

Question # 1

Write down the main factors on which reactivity of Alkyl halides depends.

Ans 1: There are two main factors which govern the reactivity of R-X bond.
C-X bonds: Strength of bond in compound would be the most reactive one while fluro compound will be the least reactive.
C-X bond polarity:The greatest electronegativity difference between carbon and fluorine atoms in alkyl fluorides,If an electrophile is the attaching reagent then this difference suggest that alkyl fluorides would be the most reactive alkyl halides.

Question # 2

Give importance of Grignard reagents?

Ans 1: Grignard reagents is so important in organic synthesis that almost almost all the classes of organic compound can be prepared from them.,Due to their importance and application Victor Grignared was awarded Nobel Prize in chemistry.

Question # 3

What is the natural of C-mg bond in R-mg-X?

Ans 1: The reactivity of Grignard reagent is due to the nature of C-mg bond which is highly polar, Magnesium is more electropositive than carbons and the C-mg bond though covalent is highly polar ,giving alkyl carbons the partial negative charge,This negative charge is unusual character which makes the alkyl group highly reactive towards electrophile center.

Question # 4

Give mechanism of E1 elimination reaction in two steps.

Ans 1: .In E1 mechanism the first step is the slow ionization of the substrate to give a carbocation.In the second step the nucleophile attacks on hydrogen to give an alkene as a product.

Question # 5

Define Primary Alkyl Halides and secondary alkyl Halides.

Ans 1: The alkyl halides in which halogen atom halogen atom is attached with carbon which is further atached to one or no carbon atom is called primary alkyl halide.
Secondry alkyl Halide:The alkyl halides in which halogen atom is attached with a carbon which is durther attached to two carbon atom is called secondry alkyl halide.

Question # 6

Why does SN₂mechanism give a product with inversion of configuration?

Ans 1: In nucleophilic substitution bimolecular the direction of attack of the attaching nucleophile is from the side which is opposite to the leaving group .In order to give the the nucleophile enough room to attack ,the substrate carbon atom changes it state of hybridization from tetrahedral to planner sp².

Question # 7

What is the role of stability of carbonium ion in deciding the Mechanism of substitution reaction.

Ans 1: The first step involve the breakage of covalent bond so it is slow step as compared to the second step which involves the energetically favourable combination of ions.The first step is therefore called the rate determining step.The mechanism is called unimolecular because one molecule takes part in the rate determining step.

Question # 8

Write a note on R-Mg-X.

Ans 1: R-Mg-X are known are Grignard reagent,These are derivatives of alkyl halides belonging to class of organo metallic compounds,Grignard reagent is so important in organic synthesis that almost all the classes of organic compounds can be prepared from them,Due to their importance and application Victor Grignard was awarded Noble Prize in Chemistry.

Question # 9

Why alkyl halides are more reactive than alkanes?

Ans 1: An alkyl halides molecule consists of two parts,an alkyl group with a partial positive charge on the carbon atom attached to halogen atom and the halide atom with partial negative charge,While alkanes have no partial position or negative charged sites in their molecules.Halogens atom attached to alkyl groups is more electronegative which makes the alkyl and halide weak bonds.

Question # 10

What is Grignard reagent ?How it is prepared?

Ans 1: R-Mg-X known as Grignard reagent ,These are derivatives of alkyl halided belonging to class of organo metallic compounds .Grignard reagent was first prepared by Victor Grignard in 1900. Grignard reagent is so important in organic synthesis that almost all the classes of organic compounds can be prepared from them,Due to their importance and organic compounds can be prepared from them.

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12th Class Chemistry Chapter 10 Preparation

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Fsc part 2 Online Preparation for Chemistry Chapter 10 (Alkhl Halidies)

Online Short Questions For Chapter 10 "12th Class Chemistry Chapter 10 Short Questions Preparation "

Chemistry - 12th Class Chemistry Chapter 10 Short Questions Preparation

What are elimination reaction?

What is the role of stability of carbonium ion in deciding the Mechanism of substitution reaction.

Give reason for reactivity Grignard reagent?

Inversion of configuration is 50% in Sn1.Explain?

Define Nucleophile.

Give mechanism of E1 elimination reaction in two steps.

How will you prepare Ethyl chloride using thionylchloride.

Write a note on R-Mg-X.

Reaction of ethyl bromide with OH nucleophile is Sn2 justify?

Give importance of Grignard reagents?

Prepare Complete Set Wise Questions For Chapter 10 "12th Class Chemistry Chapter 10 Short Questions Preparation "

Set 1

Set 2

12th Class Chemistry Chapter 10 Short Questions Preparation - Set 1

What are elimination reaction?

What is the role of stability of carbonium ion in deciding the Mechanism of substitution reaction.

Give reason for reactivity Grignard reagent?

Inversion of configuration is 50% in Sn1.Explain?

Define Nucleophile.

Give mechanism of E1 elimination reaction in two steps.

How will you prepare Ethyl chloride using thionylchloride.

Write a note on R-Mg-X.

Reaction of ethyl bromide with OH nucleophile is Sn2 justify?

Give importance of Grignard reagents?

12th Class Chemistry Chapter 10 Short Questions Preparation - Set 2

Write down the main factors on which reactivity of Alkyl halides depends.

Give importance of Grignard reagents?

What is the natural of C-mg bond in R-mg-X?

Give mechanism of E1 elimination reaction in two steps.

Define Primary Alkyl Halides and secondary alkyl Halides.

Why does SN2mechanism give a product with inversion of configuration?

What is the role of stability of carbonium ion in deciding the Mechanism of substitution reaction.

Write a note on R-Mg-X.

Why alkyl halides are more reactive than alkanes?

What is Grignard reagent ?How it is prepared?

12th Class Chemistry Chapter 10 Preparation

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Inversion of configuration is 50% in S_n1.Explain?

Reaction of ethyl bromide with OH nucleophile is S_n2 justify?

Inversion of configuration is 50% in S_n1.Explain?

Reaction of ethyl bromide with OH nucleophile is S_n2 justify?

Why does SN₂mechanism give a product with inversion of configuration?