First Year Biology Chapter 7 Online Short Questions for 1st Year Biology Chapter 7 The Kingdom Protista Preparation

What is zooflagellates? Give one example.

• Ans 1: The protists are mostly unicellular organisms with spherical or elongated bodies with single central nucleus.They possess from one to many whip-like flagella.Example are trichonymphas

What are ciliates? Give two examples.

• Ans 1: Ciliates have cilia on their outer body surface and pellicle as outer body covering e.g paramecium and Vorticella.

Highlight evolutionary significance of euglenoids.

• Ans 1: Euglenoids dianoflagellates are one of the most important group of procedures in marine ecosystem.They also cause red tides.

Differentiate between Pseudopodiaand Flagella.

• Ans 1: Pseudopodia : Amoeba move by forming specialized cytoplasmic projections called pseudopodia.
• Ans 2: Flagella: These are extremely thin,hair like appendages.Their function is motility in bacteria and zooflagellates.

What are trichonymphas? Give its important.

• Ans 1: Trichonymphas are complex,specialized flagellated with many flagella which live as symbionts in the gut of termites and help in the digestion of dry wood.

On what principle protists are classified together?

• Ans 1:
  • Size and structure
  • Means of locomotion
  • Habitat
  • Modes of reproduction
  • Ways of obtaining nutrition

Write example of parasitic apicomplexan.Give symptoms of malaria.

• Ans 1: They are large group of parasitic Protozoans which cause serious diseases like malaria in human.They lack structure of locomotion but move by flexing.

What are protists,how they differs from planet and animal?

• Ans 1: The protists are unicellular,colonial or simple multicellular organisms that possess a eukaryotic organization.Unlike plants and animals,protists do not develop from a blastula or embryo.

Write down phylum,form,pigments and example of red algae.

• Ans 1: Phylum Rhodophyta,forma is multicellular ,pigments phycoerythrin,example polysiphonia.

Basically kingdom protista is defined by exclusion.How?

• Ans 1: It is defined by exclusion all member have the characteristics that excludes (separate) them from the other four kingdoms.Like mode of reproduction ,variety of habits,mode of nutrition,and body structure.

What are red tides?

• Ans 1: Dianoflagellates exhibit occasional population explosions or blooms.These blooms frequently color the water orange,red or brown and are called red tides.

What are Apicomplexans? How do they move?

• Ans 1: Apicomplexans are a large group of parasitic protozoans which cause serious like malaria in human .They lack specific structure of locomotion but move by flexing.

Differentiate between foraminiferans and actinopods.

• Ans 1: Foraminiferans : These marine protozoans produce shell (also called as tests).
• Ans 2: Actinopods : Test of foraminiferansare made of calcium whereas those of a actinopods are made of silica.

On what principle protists are classified together?

• Ans 1:
  • Size and structure
  • Means of locomotion
  • Habitat
  • Modes of reproduction
  • Ways of obtaining nutrition

Name four major groups of kingdom protista.

• Ans 1:
  Protozoans: Animals like protista.

  Unicellular Algae: Plants like protista.

  Multicellular Algae: Plants like protista.

  Slim molds and water molds: Fungi like protista.
  
  

What is trypanosoma? What disease does it cause?

• Ans 1: Parasitic flagellates cause diseases.For example Trypanosoma is a human parasite causing African sleeping sickness.It is transmitted by the bite of Tsete fly.

Differentiate between test of actinopods and foraminifera.

• Ans 1: Actinopods : Shell of foraminiferans are made of calcium.
• Ans 2: Actinopods: Shel of actinopods are made of silica.

What is sleeping sickness?

• Ans 1: Trypanosoma is the cause of sleeping sickness which is transmitted by Tsetse fly.

Write down two characteristics of foraminiferans?

• Ans 1: They are marine protozoans.
  They have external shell or test.

What are actinopods?

Name six group of animals like protists.

• Ans 1: Amoeba,zooflgellates,Ciliates,foraminiferans,actinopods,apicomplexanss.

Why pelomyxa palustris may be the most primitive off all eukaryotic like forms?

• Ans 1: The giant amoeba Pelomyxa palustris may be the most primitive eukaryote.This species has multiple membrane bounded nuclei but none of the other organelles found in all other eukaryotes,The giant amoeba obtains energy from methanogenic bacteria,which reside inside them.

Name four major groups of kingdom protista.

• Ans 1:
  Protozoans: Animals like protista.

  Unicellular Algae: Plants like protista.

  Multicellular Algae: Plants like protista.

  Slim molds and water molds: Fungi like protista.
  
  

What is trypanosoma? What disease does it cause?

• Ans 1: Parasitic flagellates cause diseases.For example Trypanosoma is a human parasite causing African sleeping sickness.It is transmitted by the bite of Tsete fly.

Name the nuclei of ciliates.

• Ans 1: 1.Micronuclei
  2.Macronuclei

Differentiate between Pseudopodiaand Flagella.

• Ans 1: Pseudopodia : Amoeba move by forming specialized cytoplasmic projections called pseudopodia.
• Ans 2: Flagella: These are extremely thin,hair like appendages.Their function is motility in bacteria and zooflagellates.

Name any three phylum of protoctista.

• Ans 1: Three phyla of protoctista are
  1. Protozoa
  2. Algae
  3. Fungi like protists

What is sleeping sickness?

• Ans 1: Trypanosoma is the cause of sleeping sickness which is transmitted by Tsetse fly.

What kind of chlorophylls are found in photosynthetic plants and algae?

• Ans 1: They are photosynthetic with chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and carotenoids present in the chloroplast.

Give two characteristics of ciliates.

• Ans 1: They are unicellular organisms with a flexible outer covering called a pellicle that gives them a definite shape but changeable shape.
  Paramecium is one of the most complex ciliate.In parameters the surface of the cell is covered with several thousands fine,short hairs like structure called cilia.

Differentiate between Pseudopodiaand Flagella.

• Ans 1: Pseudopodia : Amoeba move by forming specialized cytoplasmic projections called pseudopodia.
• Ans 2: Flagella: These are extremely thin,hair like appendages.Their function is motility in bacteria and zooflagellates.

Name any three phylum of protoctista.

• Ans 1: Three phyla of protoctista are
  1. Protozoa
  2. Algae
  3. Fungi like protists

Differentiate between test of actinopods and foraminifera.

• Ans 1: Actinopods : Shell of foraminiferans are made of calcium.
• Ans 2: Actinopods: Shel of actinopods are made of silica.

What is Plasmodium?Give name of its host?

• Ans 1: Plasmodium: is a type of apicomplexans that cause malaria in humans.Its hosts are as follows :
  • Human beings
  • Female mosquito Anopheles

What are pigments found in algae?

• Ans 1: Chlorophyll Carotenoids,Xanthophylls,Phycoerythrin

Why pelomyxa palustris may be the most primitive off all eukaryotic like forms?

• Ans 1: The giant amoeba Pelomyxa palustris may be the most primitive eukaryote.This species has multiple membrane bounded nuclei but none of the other organelles found in all other eukaryotes,The giant amoeba obtains energy from methanogenic bacteria,which reside inside them.

Why kingdom protista is regarded as a polyphyletic group of organisms?

• Ans 1: Based on diversity most biologists regard the protist kingdom as a polyphyletic group of organisms; that is the protists probably do not share a single common ancestor.

What kind of chlorophylls are found in photosynthetic plants and algae?

• Ans 1: They are photosynthetic with chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and carotenoids present in the chloroplast.

What are Apicomplexans? How do they move?

• Ans 1: Apicomplexans are a large group of parasitic protozoans which cause serious like malaria in human .They lack specific structure of locomotion but move by flexing.

What are ciliates? Give two examples.

• Ans 1: Ciliates have cilia on their outer body surface and pellicle as outer body covering e.g paramecium and Vorticella.