First Year Biology Chapter 7 Online Short Questions for 1st Year Biology Chapter 7 The Kingdom Protista Preparation

What is the function of pellicle in ciliates?

• Ans 1: Pellicle that gives ciliates a definite but changeable shape.

Name four major groups of kingdom protista.

• Ans 1:
  Protozoans: Animals like protista.

  Unicellular Algae: Plants like protista.

  Multicellular Algae: Plants like protista.

  Slim molds and water molds: Fungi like protista.
  
  

Differentiate between Pseudopodiaand Flagella.

• Ans 1: Pseudopodia : Amoeba move by forming specialized cytoplasmic projections called pseudopodia.
• Ans 2: Flagella: These are extremely thin,hair like appendages.Their function is motility in bacteria and zooflagellates.

What is thallus?

• Ans 1: The plant body which is not differentiated into root ,stem and leaves and xylem phloem are absent is called thallus.

How foraminiferans are source of limestone?

• Ans 1: Dead foraminiferans sink to the bottom of the oceans where their shells form a grey mud that is gradually transformed into chalk.Foraminiferans of the past have created vast limestone deposits.

Write two characteristics of Apicomplexans.

• Ans 1: They are large group of parasitic protozoa.Some cause serious disease such as malaria in human.
  They lack specific structure for locomotions but move by flexing.

What are actinopods?

Give composition of shells of foraminiferans and actinopods.

• Ans 1: These marins protozoans produce shell(also called as tests).
  Tests of foraminiferans are made of calcium whereas those of actinopods are made of silica.

What is trypanosoma? What disease does it cause?

• Ans 1: Parasitic flagellates cause diseases.For example Trypanosoma is a human parasite causing African sleeping sickness.It is transmitted by the bite of Tsete fly.

Why kingdom protista is regarded as a polyphyletic group of organisms?

• Ans 1: Based on diversity most biologists regard the protist kingdom as a polyphyletic group of organisms; that is the protists probably do not share a single common ancestor.

What are protists,how they differs from planet and animal?

• Ans 1: The protists are unicellular,colonial or simple multicellular organisms that possess a eukaryotic organization.Unlike plants and animals,protists do not develop from a blastula or embryo.

What are Apicomplexans? How do they move?

• Ans 1: Apicomplexans are a large group of parasitic protozoans which cause serious like malaria in human .They lack specific structure of locomotion but move by flexing.

What kind of chlorophylls are found in photosynthetic plants and algae?

• Ans 1: They are photosynthetic with chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and carotenoids present in the chloroplast.

Write down two characteristics of dinoflagellates.

• Ans 1: It is one of the most unusual protists phyla.
  Most dianoflagellates are unicellular.
  Their cells are often covered with shells of interlocking cellulose plates,impregnated with silica.

Give composition of shells of foraminiferans and actinopods.

• Ans 1: These marins protozoans produce shell(also called as tests).
  Tests of foraminiferans are made of calcium whereas those of actinopods are made of silica.

What is the function of pellicle in ciliates?

• Ans 1: Pellicle that gives ciliates a definite but changeable shape.

What are choanoflagellates?

• Ans 1: Choanoflagellates are sessile marine or freshwater flagellates.They are attached by a stalk and surrounded by a delicate collar.They are of special interest because of their striking resemblance to collar cells in sponges.

Why kingdom protista is regarded as a polyphyletic group of organisms?

• Ans 1: Based on diversity most biologists regard the protist kingdom as a polyphyletic group of organisms; that is the protists probably do not share a single common ancestor.

What are red tides?

• Ans 1: Dianoflagellates exhibit occasional population explosions or blooms.These blooms frequently color the water orange,red or brown and are called red tides.

What is trypanosoma? What disease does it cause?

• Ans 1: Parasitic flagellates cause diseases.For example Trypanosoma is a human parasite causing African sleeping sickness.It is transmitted by the bite of Tsete fly.

Name four major groups of kingdom protista.

• Ans 1:
  Protozoans: Animals like protista.

  Unicellular Algae: Plants like protista.

  Multicellular Algae: Plants like protista.

  Slim molds and water molds: Fungi like protista.
  
  

Name four Phyla of Algae.

• Ans 1: Chlorophyta,Rhodophyta,Phaeophyta and Euglenophyta.

Highlight evolutionary significance of euglenoids.

• Ans 1: Euglenoids dianoflagellates are one of the most important group of procedures in marine ecosystem.They also cause red tides.

What is thallus?

• Ans 1: The plant body which is not differentiated into root ,stem and leaves and xylem phloem are absent is called thallus.

What kind of chlorophylls are found in photosynthetic plants and algae?

• Ans 1: They are photosynthetic with chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and carotenoids present in the chloroplast.

Basically kingdom protista is defined by exclusion.How?

• Ans 1: It is defined by exclusion all member have the characteristics that excludes (separate) them from the other four kingdoms.Like mode of reproduction ,variety of habits,mode of nutrition,and body structure.

What is zooflagellates? Give one example.

• Ans 1: The protists are mostly unicellular organisms with spherical or elongated bodies with single central nucleus.They possess from one to many whip-like flagella.Example are trichonymphas

Name six group of animals like protists.

• Ans 1: Amoeba,zooflgellates,Ciliates,foraminiferans,actinopods,apicomplexanss.

What are red tides?

• Ans 1: Dianoflagellates exhibit occasional population explosions or blooms.These blooms frequently color the water orange,red or brown and are called red tides.

What are ciliates? Give two examples.

• Ans 1: Ciliates have cilia on their outer body surface and pellicle as outer body covering e.g paramecium and Vorticella.

Write down any two characteristics of protists.

• Ans 1:
  1. Protists are unicellular,colonial or simple multicellular organisms.
  2. They possess a eukaryotic organization.

Differentiate between foraminiferans and actinopods.

• Ans 1: Foraminiferans : These marine protozoans produce shell (also called as tests).
• Ans 2: Actinopods : Test of foraminiferansare made of calcium whereas those of a actinopods are made of silica.

What kind of chlorophylls are found in photosynthetic plants and algae?

• Ans 1: They are photosynthetic with chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and carotenoids present in the chloroplast.

What are pigments found in algae?

• Ans 1: Chlorophyll Carotenoids,Xanthophylls,Phycoerythrin

Differentiate between Pseudopodiaand Flagella.

• Ans 1: Pseudopodia : Amoeba move by forming specialized cytoplasmic projections called pseudopodia.
• Ans 2: Flagella: These are extremely thin,hair like appendages.Their function is motility in bacteria and zooflagellates.

Write down two characteristics of foraminiferans?

• Ans 1: They are marine protozoans.
  They have external shell or test.

Name a parasite amoeba.What disease does it cause?

• Ans 1: Entamoeba histolytica cause amoebic dysentery.

Why pelomyxa palustris may be the most primitive off all eukaryotic like forms?

• Ans 1: The giant amoeba Pelomyxa palustris may be the most primitive eukaryote.This species has multiple membrane bounded nuclei but none of the other organelles found in all other eukaryotes,The giant amoeba obtains energy from methanogenic bacteria,which reside inside them.

Name four Phyla of Algae.

• Ans 1: Chlorophyta,Rhodophyta,Phaeophyta and Euglenophyta.

From where do giant amoebas get energy?

• Ans 1: Giant amoebas obtains energy from methanogenic bacteria,which resides inside them.