Online HEC HAT 4 Biological, Medical Sciences Group Test Preparation

Question # 1

The history of literature really began was the earliest of the arts. Man danced for joy round his primitive camp fire after the defeat and slaughter of his enemy. He yelled and shouted as he danced and gradually the yells and shouts became coherent and caught the measure of the coherent and caught the measure of the dance and thus the first war song was sung. As the idea of God developed prayers were framed. The songs and prayers became traditional and were repeated from one generation to another each generation something of its own.As man slowly grew more civilized he was compelled to invent some method of writing by three urgent necessities. There were certain things that it was dangerous to forget and which therefore had to be recorded it was necessary to protect one's property by making tools cattle and so on in some distinctive manner so man taught himself to write and having learned to write purely for utilitarian reasons he used this new method for preserving his war songs and his prayers of course among these ancient peoples there were only a very few individuals who learned to write and only a few could read what was written.e. Man invented writing because he wanted

To be artistic A
To write war song B
To write literature C
To record and communicate D

Question # 2

Auger is related to Carpenter in the same way as Awl is related to.

Sculptor A
Cobbler B
Chef C
Mason D

Question # 3

Kilogram is related to Quintal in the same way as Paisa is related to.......

Rupee A
Coin B
Wealth C
Mony D

Question # 4

Sentence Completion

Muslim alchemists tried to attain wealth by_____copper and other base metals into gold

Placing A
Coin aging B
Melting C
Transforming D

Question # 5

Choose the words or phrases that is most opposite in meaning to the word.

DEVOUT

Irreverent A
Sincere B
Homely C
Magnificent D

Question # 6

Choose the words or phrases that is most opposite in meaning to the word.

PATHOLOGICAL

Sick A
Healthy B
Unrealizable C
Selective D
Chemicals E

Question # 7

Choose a related pair of words or phrases

BROOM : SWEEP

Rack : Leaves A
Attic : Basement B
Dove : Peace C
Give : Take D

Question # 8

Select the choice closest in meaning to the main word.

HAGGLE

Postpone A
Accept B
Bargain C
Reject D

Question # 9

Choose the words or phrases that is most opposite in meaning to the word.

ACQUISITIVE

Miserly A
Frugal B
Simple C
Austere D

Question # 10

Recent advance in science and technology have made it possible for geneticists to find out abnormalities in the unborn foetus and take remedial action to rectify some defects which would otherwise prove to be fatal to the child Though genetic engineering is still at its infancy scientists can now predict with greater accuracy a genetic disorder it is not yet an exact science since they are not in a position to predict when exactly a genetic disorder will set in While they have not yet been able to change the genetic order of the germs they are optimistic and are holding out that in the near future they might be successful in achieving this feat They have however acquired the ability in manipulating tissue cells. However genetic mis-information can sometimes be damaging for it may adversely affect people psychologically Genetic information can therefore be abused and its application in deciding the sex of the foetus and its subsequent abortion is now hotly debated on ethical lines but on this issue geneticists cannot be squarely blamed though this charge has often been leveled at them it is mainly a societal problem At present genetic engineering is a costly process of detecting disorder but scientists hope to reduce the costs when technology becomes more advanced.This is why much progress in this area has been possible in scientifically advanced and rich countries like the U.S.A, U.K and Japan.It remains to be seen if in the future this science will lead to the development of a race of supermen or will be able to obliterate disease from this world.l. Which of the following according to the author could be the short-comings of genetics in becoming an exact science?

There is a lack of advance technology to explore hidden areas of human brain A
Technicians have not been able to manipulate germ cells B
Ordinary microscope is unable to observe nerve cells C
Genetics is too complex to resolve some useful information D

Question # 11

Choose the words or phrases that is most opposite in meaning to the word.

ACQUTTED

Entrusted A
Convicted B
Burdened C
Freed D

Question # 12

The history of literature can be traced to the earliest forms of the arts. Man danced for joy round his primitive camp fire after the defeat and slaughter of his enemy. He yelled and shouted as he danced and gradually the yells and shouts became coherent and caught the measure of the dance and thus the first war song was sung. As the idea of God developed, prayers were framed. The songs and prayers became traditional and were repeated from one generation to another, each generation adding something of its own.

As man slowly grew more civilized, he was compelled to invent some method of writing due to three urgent necessities. There were certain things that it was dangerous to forget and which, therefore, had to be recorded. It was often necessary to communicate with persons who were some distance away and it was necessary to safeguard one's property by making appropreiate tools and taking protective measure in a distinctive manner. So man taught himself to write and having learned to write, purely for utilitarian reasons, he used this new method for preserving his war songs and his prayers. Of course, among these ancient peoples, there were only a very few individuals who learned to write, and only a few could read what was written.
Q: Man invented writing because he wanted

To be artistic A
To write war song B
To write literature C
To record and communicate D

Question # 13

Sentence Completion

Conservative historians who represent a traditional account asbecause of its age may be guilty of taking on trust what they should have in a conscientious fashion

Ancient..established A
False...reiterated B
Mythical...fabricated C
Accurate...examined D
Suspicious....challenged E

Question # 14

Recent advance in science and technology have made it possible for geneticists to find out abnormalities in the unborn foetus and take remedial action to rectify some defects which would otherwise prove to be fatal to the child Though genetic engineering is still at its infancy scientists can now predict with greater accuracy a genetic disorder it is not yet an exact science since they are not in a position to predict when exactly a genetic disorder will set in While they have not yet been able to change the genetic order of the germs they are optimistic and are holding out that in the near future they might be successful in achieving this feat They have however acquired the ability in manipulating tissue cells. However genetic mis-information can sometimes be damaging for it may adversely affect people psychologically Genetic information can therefore be abused and its application in deciding the sex of the foetus and its subsequent abortion is now hotly debated on ethical lines but on this issue geneticists cannot be squarely blamed though this charge has often been leveled at them it is mainly a societal problem At present genetic engineering is a costly process of detecting disorder but scientists hope to reduce the costs when technology becomes more advanced.This is why much progress in this area has been possible in scientifically advanced and rich countries like the U.S.A, U.K and Japan.It remains to be seen if in the future this science will lead to the development of a race of supermen or will be able to obliterate disease from this world.c. Which of the following is true regarding the reasons for progress in genetic engineering?

It has become popular to abort female fetuses A
Human beings are extremely interested in heredity B
Economically sound and scientifically advanced countries can provide the infrastructure for such research C
Poor countries desperately need genetic information D

Question # 15

Wince is related to pain in the same way as prostration is related to....

Discomfiture A
Frustration B
Submissiveness C
Strained D

Question # 16

Choose the words or phrases that is most opposite in meaning to the word.

LACONIC

Prolix A
Profligate B
Prolific C
Bucolic D

Question # 17

Choose the words or phrases that is most opposite in meaning to the word.

ILLEGIBLE

Clear A
Imitable B
Clean C
Readable D

Question # 18

Choose a related pair of words or phrases

IRON : BLACKSMITH

Cotton : cloth A
Food : gourment B
Clay : potter C
Silver : miner D
Gold : miser E

Question # 19

Dancer is related to stage in the same was as Priest is related to........

Pulpit A
Assembly B
Parliament C
State D

Question # 20

Choose the words or phrases that is most opposite in meaning to the word.

GRATUITY

Annuity A
Stipend B
Discount C
Wages D

Question # 21

Choose the words or phrases that is most opposite in meaning to the word.

TRANSPARENT

Coloured A
Childlike B
Opaque C
Imminent D

Question # 22

Choose a related pair of words or phrases

KNIFE : CUT

Winter : Summer A
Sword : Sharp B
Run : Fast C
Drill : Hole D

Question # 23

Choose the words or phrases that is most opposite in meaning to the word.

BLATANT

Noisy A
Quiet B
Barren C
Slow D

Question # 24

Democratic societies from the earliest times have expected their governments to protect the weak against the strong. No 'era of good feeling' can justify discharging the police force or giving up the idea of public control over concentrated private wealth. On the other hand, it is obvious that a spirit of self-denial and moderation on the part of those who hold economic power will greatly soften the demand for absolute equality. Men are more interested in freedom and security than in an equal distribution of wealth. The extent to which Government must interfere with business, therefore, is not exactly measured by the extent to which economic power is concentrated into a few hands. The required degree of government interference depends mainly on whether economic powers are oppressively used, and on the necessity of keeping economic factors in a tolerable state of balance.
However, with the necessity of meeting all these dangers and threats to liberty, the powers of government are unavoidably increased, regardless of the political party in power. The growth of government is a necessary result of the growth of technology and of the problems that go with the use of machines and science. Since the government must take on more powers to meet the problems of the nations, there is no way to preserve freedom except by making democracy more powerful.
Q: 'Era of good feeling' in the paragraph refers to

Time of prosperity A
Time of adversity B
Time without government C
Time of police atrocities D

Question # 25

Choose a related pair of words or phrases

MACHINE GUN : MUSKET

Tank : chain A
Frigate : cruiser B
Autumnal : vernal C
Palace : cottage D

Question # 26

Choose the words or phrases that is most opposite in meaning to the word.

VIVACIOUS

Quarrelsome A
Sober B
Notorious C
Drunken D

Question # 27

Choose the words or phrases that is most opposite in meaning to the word.

FRANTIC

Calm A
Hopeful B
Active C
Bitter D

Question # 28

Choose a related pair of words or phrases

SCREAM : WHISPER

Staircase : Elevator A
Pedal : bicycle B
Blaze : spark C
Repel : Sheep D

Question # 29

Resign is related to Politician in the same way as Abdicate is related to......

Prince A
King B
Realm C
Throne D

Question # 30

Sentence Completion

Producers of Punjabi films have long decried the_____of the Lahore movie critics whose reviews can determine the fate of a film in a month

Fallacy A
Poverty B
Curelty C
Power D
Absent mindedness E

Question # 31

The public distribution system which provides food at low prices is a subject of vital concern there is a growing realization that though Pakistan has enough food to feed its masses three square meals a day the monster of starvation and food insecurity continues to haunt the poor in our country.Increasing the purchasing power of the poor through providing productive employment leading to rising income and thus good standard of living is the ultimate objective of public policy however till then there is a need to provide assured supply of food through a restructured more efficient and decentralized public distribution system (PDS).Although the PDS is extensive it is one of the largest such system in the world it has yet to reach the rural poor and the far off places it remains an urban phenomenon with the majority of the rural poor still out of its reach due to lack of economic and physical access the poorest in the cities and the migrants are left out for they generally do not possess rations cards.The allocation of PDS urgently needs to be streamlined in addition considering the large food grams dismal poverty of the rural population on the other there is a strong case for making PDS target group oriented.The growing salaried class is provided job security regular income and percent insulation against inflation these gains of development have not percolated down to the vast majority of our working population if one compares only dearness allowance to the employees in public and private sector and looks at its growth in the past few years the rising food subsidy is insignificant to the point of inequity the food subsidy is a kind D.A to the poor the self employed and those in the unorganized sector of the economy However what is most unfortunate is that out of the large budget of the so-called food subsidy the major part of it is administrative cost and wastage's a small portion of the above budget goes to the real consumer and an even lesser portion to the poor who are in real need.It is true that subsidies should not become a permanent feature except for the destitute disabled widows and the told It is also true that subsidies often create a psychology of dependence and hence is habit-forming killing the general initiative of the people by making PDS target group oriented not only the poorest and neediest would be reached without additional cost but it will actually cut overall costs incurred on large cities and for better off localities when the food and food subsidy are limited the rural and urban poor should have the priority in the PDS supplies The PDS should be closely linked with programs of employment generation and nutrition improvement.j. What according to the passage would be the outcome of making the PDS target group oriented?

It will abolish the imbalance of urban and rural sector A
It will remove poverty B
It will give food to the poorest without additional cost C
It will motivate the target group population to work more D

Question # 32

Choose a related pair of words or phrases

FISH : TROUT

Hair : Black A
Bird : Aviary B
Tiger : Carnivorous C
Mammal : Cow D

Question # 33

Choose the words or phrases that is most opposite in meaning to the word.

SANCTIFY

Dedicate A
Patronise B
Venerate C
Pollute D

Question # 34

Catalogue is related to Library Books in the same way as Index in related to...................?

Chapters A
Books B
preface C
Contents D

Question # 35

Sentence Completion

The art of Shehnaz Begum often presents us with an idyllic vision that is subtly_by more sinister elements.as if suggesting the_beauty of our surroundings

Enhanced...pristine A
Invaded...flawed B
Altered...unmarred C
Redeemed..hallowed D
Devastated...bland E

Question # 36

The public distribution system which provides food at low prices is a subject of vital concern there is a growing realization that though Pakistan has enough food to feed its masses three square meals a day the monster of starvation and food insecurity continues to haunt the poor in our country.Increasing the purchasing power of the poor through providing productive employment leading to rising income and thus good standard of living is the ultimate objective of public policy however till then there is a need to provide assured supply of food through a restructured more efficient and decentralized public distribution system (PDS).Although the PDS is extensive it is one of the largest such system in the world it has yet to reach the rural poor and the far off places it remains an urban phenomenon with the majority of the rural poor still out of its reach due to lack of economic and physical access the poorest in the cities and the migrants are left out for they generally do not possess rations cards.The allocation of PDS urgently needs to be streamlined in addition considering the large food grams dismal poverty of the rural population on the other there is a strong case for making PDS target group oriented.The growing salaried class is provided job security regular income and percent insulation against inflation these gains of development have not percolated down to the vast majority of our working population if one compares only dearness allowance to the employees in public and private sector and looks at its growth in the past few years the rising food subsidy is insignificant to the point of inequity the food subsidy is a kind D.A to the poor the self employed and those in the unorganized sector of the economy However what is most unfortunate is that out of the large budget of the so-called food subsidy the major part of it is administrative cost and wastage's a small portion of the above budget goes to the real consumer and an even lesser portion to the poor who are in real need.It is true that subsidies should not become a permanent feature except for the destitute disabled widows and the told It is also true that subsidies often create a psychology of dependence and hence is habit-forming killing the general initiative of the people by making PDS target group oriented not only the poorest and neediest would be reached without additional cost but it will actually cut overall costs incurred on large cities and for better off localities when the food and food subsidy are limited the rural and urban poor should have the priority in the PDS supplies The PDS should be closely linked with programs of employment generation and nutrition improvement.d. The poor people of the developing world can lead a happy and contented life if

There is a North-South dialogue and aid flows freely to the developing world A
Industries based on agriculture are widely developed B
Economic development takes place within the ambit of conservation of natural resources C
There is an assured supply of food and medical care D

Question # 37

Educational planning should aim at meeting the educational needs of the entire population of all age groups while the traditional structure of education as a three hierarchy from the primary stage to the university represents the core we should not overlook the periphery which is equally important under modern conditions workers need to rewind or renew their enthusiasm or strike out in a new direction or improve their skills as much as any university professor the retired and the aged have their needs as well Educational planning in their words should take care of the needs of everyone.Our structures of education have been built up on the assumption that there is a terminal point to education This basic defect has become all the more harmful today A UNESCO report entitled Learning to Be prepared by Edgar Faure and others in 1973 asserts that the education of children must prepare the future adult for various form of self-learning A viable education system of the future should consist of modules with different kinds of functions serving a diversity of constituents And performance not the period of study should be the basis for credentials The writing is already on the wall.In view of the fact that the significance of a commitment of lifelong learning and lifetime education is being discussed only in recent years even in educationally advanced countries the possibility of the idea becoming an integral part of educational thinking seems to be a far cry for to move in that direction means such more than some simple rearrangement of the present organization of education but a good beginning can be made by developing Open University programs for older learners of different categories and introducing extension services in the conventional colleges and schools Also these institutions should learn to cooperate with the numerous community organizations such as libraries museums municipal recreational programs health services etc.n. Which of the following is most opposite in meaning to the phrase-a far cry as used in the passage?

A reality A
A theoretical suggestion B
Very funny C
Next to impossible D

Question # 38

Choose the words or phrases that is most opposite in meaning to the word.

REDUNDANT

Insufficient A
Expanded B
Profound C
Numberous D
Verbose E

Question # 39

Hygienic is related to polluted int he same way as Knowing is related to.....

Inge nous A
Uncommon B
Secret C
Segacious D

Question # 40

Educational planning should aim at meeting the educational needs of the entire population of all age groups. While the traditional structure of education as a three layer hierarchy from the primary stage to the university represents the core, we should not overlook the periphery which is equally important. Under modern conditions, workers need to rewind, or renew their enthusiasm, or strike out in a new direction, or improve their skills as much as any university professor. The retired and the aged have their needs as well. Educational planning, in their words, should take care of the needs of everyone.

Our structures of education have been built up on the assumption that there is a terminal point to education. This basic defect has become all the more harmful today. A UNESCO report, titled "Learning to Be" prepared by Edgar Faure and others in 1973 asserts that the education of children must prepare the future adult for various forms of self-learning. A viable education system of the future should consist of modules with different kinds of functions serving a diversity of constituents. And performance, not the period of study, should be the basis for credentials. The writing is already on the wall.

In view of the fact that the significance of a commitment of lifelong learning and lifetime education is being discussed only in recent years even in educationally advanced countries, the possibility of the idea becoming an integral part of educational thinking seems to be a far cry. For, to move in that direction means much more than some simple rearrangement of the present organization of education. But a good beginning can be made by developing Open University programs for older learners of different categories and introducing extension services in the conventional colleges and schools. Also, these institutions should learn to cooperate with the numerous community organizations such as libraries, museums, municipal recreational programs, health services etc.
Q: What is the main thrust of the author?

Traditional systems should be strengthened. A
Formal education is more important than non-formal. B
One should never cease to learn. C
It is impossible to meet the needs of everyone. D

Sr.#	Question	Answer
1	Educational planning should aim at meeting the educational needs of the entire population of all age groups while the traditional structure of education as a three hierarchy from the primary stage to the university represents the core we should not overlook the periphery which is equally important under modern conditions workers need to rewind or renew their enthusiasm or strike out in a new direction or improve their skills as much as any university professor the retired and the aged have their needs as well Educational planning in their words should take care of the needs of everyone.Our structures of education have been built up on the assumption that there is a terminal point to education This basic defect has become all the more harmful today A UNESCO report entitled Learning to Be prepared by Edgar Faure and others in 1973 asserts that the education of children must prepare the future adult for various form of self-learning A viable education system of the future should consist of modules with different kinds of functions serving a diversity of constituents And performance not the period of study should be the basis for credentials The writing is already on the wall.In view of the fact that the significance of a commitment of lifelong learning and lifetime education is being discussed only in recent years even in educationally advanced countries the possibility of the idea becoming an integral part of educational thinking seems to be a far cry for to move in that direction means such more than some simple rearrangement of the present organization of education but a good beginning can be made by developing Open University programs for older learners of different categories and introducing extension services in the conventional colleges and schools Also these institutions should learn to cooperate with the numerous community organizations such as libraries museums municipal recreational programs health services etc.g. According to the author what should be the basis for a awarding credentials?	A. Duration of the course B. Competence of the course teachers C. Diversity of the topics covered D. Real grasp of matter or skill
2	Scissors is related to Cloth in the same way as Sythe is related to......	A. Wood B. Steel C. Grass D. Paper
3	Democratic societies from the earliest times have expected their governments to protect the weak against the strong. No 'era of good feeling' can justify discharging the police force or giving up the idea of public control over concentrated private wealth. On the other hand, it is obvious that a spirit of self-denial and moderation on the part of those who hold economic power will greatly soften the demand for absolute equality. Men are more interested in freedom and security than in an equal distribution of wealth. The extent to which Government must interfere with business, therefore, is not exactly measured by the extent to which economic power is concentrated into a few hands. The required degree of government interference depends mainly on whether economic powers are oppressively used, and on the necessity of keeping economic factors in a tolerable state of balance. However, with the necessity of meeting all these dangers and threats to liberty, the powers of government are unavoidably increased, regardless of the political party in power. The growth of government is a necessary result of the growth of technology and of the problems that go with the use of machines and science. Since the government must take on more powers to meet the problems of the nations, there is no way to preserve freedom except by making democracy more powerful. Q: The growth of government is necessitated to	A. Make the rich and the poor happy B. Curb the accumulation of wealth in a few hands C. Monitor science and technology D. Deploy the police force wisely
4	Educational planning should aim at meeting the educational needs of the entire population of all age groups. While the traditional structure of education as a three layer hierarchy from the primary stage to the university represents the core, we should not overlook the periphery which is equally important. Under modern conditions, workers need to rewind, or renew their enthusiasm, or strike out in a new direction, or improve their skills as much as any university professor. The retired and the aged have their needs as well. Educational planning, in their words, should take care of the needs of everyone. Our structures of education have been built up on the assumption that there is a terminal point to education. This basic defect has become all the more harmful today. A UNESCO report, titled "Learning to Be" prepared by Edgar Faure and others in 1973 asserts that the education of children must prepare the future adult for various forms of self-learning. A viable education system of the future should consist of modules with different kinds of functions serving a diversity of constituents. And performance, not the period of study, should be the basis for credentials. The writing is already on the wall. In view of the fact that the significance of a commitment of lifelong learning and lifetime education is being discussed only in recent years even in educationally advanced countries, the possibility of the idea becoming an integral part of educational thinking seems to be a far cry. For, to move in that direction means much more than some simple rearrangement of the present organization of education. But a good beginning can be made by developing Open University programs for older learners of different categories and introducing extension services in the conventional colleges and schools. Also, these institutions should learn to cooperate with the numerous community organizations such as libraries, museums, municipal recreational programs, health services etc. Q: According to the author, what should be the basis for awarding credentials?	A. Duration of the course B. Competence of the course teachers C. Diversity of the topics covered D. Real grasp of matter or skill
5	Choose the words or phrases that is most opposite in meaning to the word. SANCTIFY	A. Dedicate B. Patronise C. Venerate D. Pollute
6	Choose a related pair of words or phrases LIKELY : PROBABILITY	A. Sailor : Mutineer B. Bright : radiance C. Funereal : eulogy D. Defying : enemy
7	Choose a related pair of words or phrases CHEFF : RECIPE	A. Celestial : Deferential B. Musician : Score C. People : Band D. Novelist : Puzzle
8	Sentence Completion Sajid appears to behave_____actively helping class fellows to have their home assignment done	A. Aggressively B. Cooperatively C. Rudely D. Suspiciously
9	^{Snowfall is related to Precipitation in the same way as Grotto is related to......}	A. Throat B. Cave C. Castle D. Fort
10	Dwell is related to Danizen in the same way as inherit is related to.........?	A. Acquire B. Successor C. Outcast D. Helr

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Auger is related to Carpenter in the same way as Awl is related to.

Kilogram is related to Quintal in the same way as Paisa is related to.......

Sentence CompletionMuslim alchemists tried to attain wealth by_____copper and other base metals into gold

Choose the words or phrases that is most opposite in meaning to the word.DEVOUT

Choose the words or phrases that is most opposite in meaning to the word.PATHOLOGICAL

Choose a related pair of words or phrasesBROOM : SWEEP

Select the choice closest in meaning to the main word.HAGGLE

Choose the words or phrases that is most opposite in meaning to the word.ACQUISITIVE

Choose the words or phrases that is most opposite in meaning to the word.ACQUTTED

Sentence CompletionConservative historians who represent a traditional account as______because of its age may be guilty of taking on trust what they should have ______ in a conscientious fashion

Wince is related to pain in the same way as prostration is related to....

Choose the words or phrases that is most opposite in meaning to the word.LACONIC

Choose the words or phrases that is most opposite in meaning to the word.ILLEGIBLE

Choose a related pair of words or phrasesIRON : BLACKSMITH

Dancer is related to stage in the same was as Priest is related to........

Choose the words or phrases that is most opposite in meaning to the word.GRATUITY

Choose the words or phrases that is most opposite in meaning to the word.TRANSPARENT

Choose a related pair of words or phrasesKNIFE : CUT

Choose the words or phrases that is most opposite in meaning to the word.BLATANT

Choose a related pair of words or phrasesMACHINE GUN : MUSKET

Choose the words or phrases that is most opposite in meaning to the word.VIVACIOUS

Choose the words or phrases that is most opposite in meaning to the word.FRANTIC

Choose a related pair of words or phrasesSCREAM : WHISPER