ICS Part 1 Physics English Medium Chapter 11 Online Short Questions Test with Answers

Online Short Questions For Chapter 11 "ICS Part 1 Physics Chapter 11 Short Questions Test "

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Physics - ICS Part 1 Physics Chapter 11 Short Questions Test

Question # 1

Give an example of a natural process that involves an increase in entropy .

Ans 1:

Question # 2

Is it possible to construct a heat engine that will not expel heat into the atmosphere?

Ans 1: No, it is not possible to construct a heat engine that will not expel heat into the atmosphere. It is against 2nd law of thermodynamics. A heat engine works only when some of the total heat absorbed from the source is expelled to a sink or atmosphere.

Question # 3

Why absolute value of internal energy cannot be measured?

Ans 1: By experiment it has been seen that the change in internal energy is independent of paths and it only depends upon change from initial to final state of the system. It is a function of state.
Internal energy is similar to the gravitational P.E.So like the potential energy, it is the change in internal energy and not its absolute value, which is important.

Question # 4

Write two limitations of first law of thermodynamics.

Ans 1:
1. 1st law of thermodynamics does not specify the conditions under which conversion of heat into work is possible.
2. It does not specify the direction in which heat transfer takes place (high to low or low to high).
3. The fact that heat cannot be completely converted into work, is a fact that the first law cannot explain.

Question # 5

Define Heat Engine.

Ans 1: A device which converts heat energy into mechanical work is called heat engine.

Question # 6

What is adiabatic process?Under what conditions this process occurs?

Ans 1: Adiabatic Process: The process in which no heat enters or leaves the system but the temperature of the system changes.
Adiabatic change occurs when the gas expands or is compressed rapidly,particularly when the gas is contained in an insulated cylinder.

Question # 7

Define the term internal energy . Discuss in what form it is in an ideal gas.

Ans 1: The sum of all forms of molecular energies such as kinetic and potential energy of a substance is called its internal energy.
Internal energy of an ideal gas system is generally the translational kinetic energy of gas molecules.

Question # 8

A real heat engine is less efficient than cannot engine. Why?

Ans 1: Carnot engine operates in an ideal reversible cycle and ideal gas is used as the working substance.
No practical heat engine can be perfectly reversible. All real heat engines are less efficient than carnot engine due to friction and other heat losses.

Question # 9

What do you mean by triple point of water?

Ans 1: The triple point of water is a state in which ice, water and vapour coexists in equilibrium and it occurs uniquely at one particular pressure and temperature.Its value is 273.16 k.

Question # 10

Define absolute zero using the Carnot cycle.

Ans 1: The Carnot cycle provides us the basis to define a temperature scale that is independent of material properties, Absolute zero is the lower limit of the thermodynamic temperature scale, a state at which the enthalpy and entropy of a cooled ideal gas reaches its minimum value, taken as zero(0). By international agreement, absolute zero is taken as - 273.15°c.

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Prepare Complete Set Wise Questions For Chapter 11 "ICS Part 1 Physics Chapter 11 Short Questions Test "

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Set 2

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Set 3

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ICS Part 1 Physics Chapter 11 Short Questions Test - Set 1

Question # 1

Give an example of a natural process that involves an increase in entropy .

Ans 1:

Question # 2

Is it possible to construct a heat engine that will not expel heat into the atmosphere?

Ans 1: No, it is not possible to construct a heat engine that will not expel heat into the atmosphere. It is against 2nd law of thermodynamics. A heat engine works only when some of the total heat absorbed from the source is expelled to a sink or atmosphere.

Question # 3

Why absolute value of internal energy cannot be measured?

Ans 1: By experiment it has been seen that the change in internal energy is independent of paths and it only depends upon change from initial to final state of the system. It is a function of state.
Internal energy is similar to the gravitational P.E.So like the potential energy, it is the change in internal energy and not its absolute value, which is important.

Question # 4

Write two limitations of first law of thermodynamics.

Ans 1:
1. 1st law of thermodynamics does not specify the conditions under which conversion of heat into work is possible.
2. It does not specify the direction in which heat transfer takes place (high to low or low to high).
3. The fact that heat cannot be completely converted into work, is a fact that the first law cannot explain.

Question # 5

Define Heat Engine.

Ans 1: A device which converts heat energy into mechanical work is called heat engine.

Question # 6

What is adiabatic process?Under what conditions this process occurs?

Ans 1: Adiabatic Process: The process in which no heat enters or leaves the system but the temperature of the system changes.
Adiabatic change occurs when the gas expands or is compressed rapidly,particularly when the gas is contained in an insulated cylinder.

Question # 7

Define the term internal energy . Discuss in what form it is in an ideal gas.

Ans 1: The sum of all forms of molecular energies such as kinetic and potential energy of a substance is called its internal energy.
Internal energy of an ideal gas system is generally the translational kinetic energy of gas molecules.

Question # 8

A real heat engine is less efficient than cannot engine. Why?

Ans 1: Carnot engine operates in an ideal reversible cycle and ideal gas is used as the working substance.
No practical heat engine can be perfectly reversible. All real heat engines are less efficient than carnot engine due to friction and other heat losses.

Question # 9

What do you mean by triple point of water?

Ans 1: The triple point of water is a state in which ice, water and vapour coexists in equilibrium and it occurs uniquely at one particular pressure and temperature.Its value is 273.16 k.

Question # 10

Define absolute zero using the Carnot cycle.

Ans 1: The Carnot cycle provides us the basis to define a temperature scale that is independent of material properties, Absolute zero is the lower limit of the thermodynamic temperature scale, a state at which the enthalpy and entropy of a cooled ideal gas reaches its minimum value, taken as zero(0). By international agreement, absolute zero is taken as - 273.15°c.

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ICS Part 1 Physics Chapter 11 Short Questions Test - Set 2

Question # 1

What is negative entropy?Give example and its unit.

Ans 1:

Question # 2

Specific heat of a gas at constant pressure is greater than specific heat at constant volume why?

Ans 1: At constant volume, no work is done and the entire heat is utilized in raising the internal energy of the system.But under constant pressure, heat is not only required to raise the internal energy but also to do work against constant pressure.
Hence specific heat of a gas at constant pressure is greater than specific heat at constant volume.

Question # 3

Name the four strokes of the petrol engine.

Ans 1: Four strokes of the petrol engine are
- Intake stroke
- Compression stroke
- Power stroke
- Exhaust stroke

Question # 4

What happens to the temperature of the room, when an air conditioner in left running on a table in the middle of a room ?

Ans 1: No change will be observed because the heat is absorbed and expelled in the same room.Hence there will be no effect on the room's temperature.

Question # 5

Define absolute zero using the Carnot cycle.

Ans 1: The Carnot cycle provides us the basis to define a temperature scale that is independent of material properties, Absolute zero is the lower limit of the thermodynamic temperature scale, a state at which the enthalpy and entropy of a cooled ideal gas reaches its minimum value, taken as zero(0). By international agreement, absolute zero is taken as - 273.15°c.

Question # 6

Does entropy of a system increase or decrease due to friction?

Ans 1: The entropy of a system increase due to the friction as work done against friction is changed into heat and heat added to the system increase its entropy.

Question # 7

Under what circumstances the efficiency of a Carnot engine will be 100%? Is it possible?

Ans 1: No, it is impossible.
The efficiency of a Carnot engines will be 100% only when cold reservoir is at absolute zero temperature (ok).Such reservoirs are not available and hence the maximum efficiency is always less than one or 100%

Question # 8

What would be the heat lost if internal energy decreased by 10j and 20j of work is done on the system simultaneously

Ans 1:

Question # 9

What is the similarity and difference between internal energy and gravitational P.E?

Ans 1: Internal energy is similar to the gravitational P.E.So like the potential energy, it is the change in internal energy and not its absolute value, which is important.
Internal energy depends upon temperature of the system while gravitational P.E depends on position of the particle.

Question # 10

What do you mean by triple point of water?

Ans 1: The triple point of water is a state in which ice, water and vapour coexists in equilibrium and it occurs uniquely at one particular pressure and temperature.Its value is 273.16 k.

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ICS Part 1 Physics Chapter 11 Short Questions Test - Set 3

Question # 1

State Carnot's theorem.

Ans 1: It states that no heat engine can be more efficient than a carnot engine operating between the same two temperatures.

Question # 2

What is difference between isothermal and adiabatic process?

Ans 1: Isothermal process: The process in which temperature of the system remains constant is called isothermal process.
T= constant
Adiabatic System: The process in which no heat enters or leaves the system is called adiabatic system.

Question # 3

Write the four postulates of kinetic theory of gases.

Ans 1:
1. A finite volume of gas consists of consists of very large number of molecules.
2. The size of molecules is much smaller than the separation between them.
3. The molecules do not exert force on each other except durings a collision
4. The collision between gas molecules themselves and with the walls of container is assumed to be perfectly elastic.

Question # 4

What would be the heat lost if internal energy decreased by 10j and 20j of work is done on the system simultaneously

Ans 1:

Question # 5

Why absolute value of internal energy cannot be measured?

Ans 1: By experiment it has been seen that the change in internal energy is independent of paths and it only depends upon change from initial to final state of the system. It is a function of state.
Internal energy is similar to the gravitational P.E.So like the potential energy, it is the change in internal energy and not its absolute value, which is important.

Question # 6

No spark plug is used in Diesel Engine.How it gets ignition?

Ans 1: Diesel is sprayed into the cylinder at maximum compression. Because air is at very high temperature immediately after compression, the fuel mixture ignites on contact with the air on the cylinder.

Question # 7

A real heat engine is less efficient than cannot engine. Why?

Ans 1: Carnot engine operates in an ideal reversible cycle and ideal gas is used as the working substance.
No practical heat engine can be perfectly reversible. All real heat engines are less efficient than carnot engine due to friction and other heat losses.

Question # 8

What is negative entropy?Give example and its unit.

Ans 1:

Question # 9

Why we reduce pressure in the tyre while moving on motorway?

Ans 1: We reduce the pressure in the tyre while moving on motorway because when a car is driven through some distance,its tyres become hot due to work done against friction between the tyres and the road which appears as heat. This heat is absorbed by the gas molecules contained in the tyre which results in an increase in pressure of the gas. If the pressure in the tyre is not reduced then the tyre may burst.

Question # 10

Why does the pressure of gas in a car tyre increase when it is driven through some distance?

Ans 1: When a car is driven through some distance on the road, its tyres has to overcome frictional force of the road. The work done against the friction heats up the gas in tyre. It increase the velocity and hence the pressure of the air in the tyre.

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Physics

11th Chapter

ICS Part 1 Physics Short Questions Test

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Chapter 11

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ICS Part 1 Physics English Medium Chapter 11 Online Short Questions Test with Answers

Online Short Questions For Chapter 11 "ICS Part 1 Physics Chapter 11 Short Questions Test "

Physics - ICS Part 1 Physics Chapter 11 Short Questions Test

Give an example of a natural process that involves an increase in entropy .

Is it possible to construct a heat engine that will not expel heat into the atmosphere?

Why absolute value of internal energy cannot be measured?

Write two limitations of first law of thermodynamics.

Define Heat Engine.

What is adiabatic process?Under what conditions this process occurs?

Define the term internal energy . Discuss in what form it is in an ideal gas.

A real heat engine is less efficient than cannot engine. Why?

What do you mean by triple point of water?

Define absolute zero using the Carnot cycle.

Prepare Complete Set Wise Questions For Chapter 11 "ICS Part 1 Physics Chapter 11 Short Questions Test "

Set 1

Set 2

Set 3

ICS Part 1 Physics Chapter 11 Short Questions Test - Set 1

Give an example of a natural process that involves an increase in entropy .

Is it possible to construct a heat engine that will not expel heat into the atmosphere?

Why absolute value of internal energy cannot be measured?

Write two limitations of first law of thermodynamics.

Define Heat Engine.

What is adiabatic process?Under what conditions this process occurs?

Define the term internal energy . Discuss in what form it is in an ideal gas.

A real heat engine is less efficient than cannot engine. Why?

What do you mean by triple point of water?

Define absolute zero using the Carnot cycle.

ICS Part 1 Physics Chapter 11 Short Questions Test - Set 2

What is negative entropy?Give example and its unit.

Specific heat of a gas at constant pressure is greater than specific heat at constant volume why?

Name the four strokes of the petrol engine.

What happens to the temperature of the room, when an air conditioner in left running on a table in the middle of a room ?

Define absolute zero using the Carnot cycle.

Does entropy of a system increase or decrease due to friction?

Under what circumstances the efficiency of a Carnot engine will be 100%? Is it possible?

What would be the heat lost if internal energy decreased by 10j and 20j of work is done on the system simultaneously

What is the similarity and difference between internal energy and gravitational P.E?

What do you mean by triple point of water?

ICS Part 1 Physics Chapter 11 Short Questions Test - Set 3

State Carnot's theorem.

What is difference between isothermal and adiabatic process?

Write the four postulates of kinetic theory of gases.

What would be the heat lost if internal energy decreased by 10j and 20j of work is done on the system simultaneously

Why absolute value of internal energy cannot be measured?

No spark plug is used in Diesel Engine.How it gets ignition?

A real heat engine is less efficient than cannot engine. Why?

What is negative entropy?Give example and its unit.

Why we reduce pressure in the tyre while moving on motorway?

Why does the pressure of gas in a car tyre increase when it is driven through some distance?

ICS Part 1 Physics Short Questions Test

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