Past Paper 2025 12th Class Karachi Board Botany Subjective (Science Pre-Medical Group)

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SECTION “B” (Short Answer Question) Marks: 16

2. Answer any EIGHT part questions. Each questions carries two marks.

i) Give the name of enzymes involved in replication of DNA, also give function of any one of them.

ii) Differentiate between protein synthesis in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes.

iii) Why human males are heterogametic?

iv) Define Homologous organs with example.

v) Describe the Invagination theory.

vi) What are Aquifers? What is their role in the Earth's hydrological cycle?

vii) Why restriction enzymes are called molecular scissors?

viii) What is heteroploidy? Write its types.

ix) Explain any one of the following:

*co-dominance *incomplete dominance

x) Why Y-linked traits are called holandric Traits?

xi) Differentiate between Divergent and Convergent evolution.

xii) Differentiate between Xerarch and Hydrarch succession.

xiii) Define any two of the following:

*Primary cell culture *3D culture

*Cell line culture *Anther culture

xiv) Write a short note on water cycle.

Section C (Detailed – Answer Question) (16)

NOTE: Answer any TWO questions from this section.

All questions carry equal marks.

3. Give the evidence of DNA as hereditary material.

4. Describe inheritance of two traits (Dihybrid Cross) with the help of checker board.

—OR—Describe multiple allele with the help of A1O blood group.

5. What is meant by Biogeochemical Cycle? Describe Nitrogen cycle.

6. Explain techniques of Gene Cloning by Recombinant DNA technology.

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