1 |
If goods are exported for less than society's marginal production cost and the marginal benefit to domestic consumers, it is likely that they benefit from. |
An import subsidy
A quota
Comparative advantage
An export subsidy
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2 |
An optimal tariff is one which reduces imports to the level at which ___ equals |
imports , exports
The balance of trade, zero
The demand for currency, the supply of currency
Social marginal cost social marginal benefit
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3 |
A tariff causes domestic firms to __________ and consumers to |
Overproduced, under consume
overproduce , overconsume
Underproduce, under consume
underproduce, overconsume
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4 |
The imposition of a tariff causes consumption to _______ and imports to. |
rise , rise
fall , rise
fall , fall
rise , fall
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5 |
The level of the equilibrium exchange rate offsets international difference in. |
Comparative advantage
Absolute advantage
Opportunity cost
Relative costs
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6 |
The main cause of different relative costs between countries are. |
Relative factors competition
Relative factor mobility
Relative factor substitution
Relative factor endowments
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7 |
International difference in opportunity costs lead to countries acquiring. |
Comparative advantage
High exchange rates
Trade exchange rates
Trade barriers
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8 |
International specialization takes place because of. |
Differences in technology
Differences in factor endowments
Scale economies
All of the above
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9 |
Real business cycle theorists argue that ___________ can explain short and long term fluctuations in output. |
Imperfect labour markets
Rational expectations
Intertemporal decisions of households firms and government.
Sun spot cycles
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10 |
The business cycle is not transmitted from one country to another through. |
Private sector imports and exports
Economic policy
The duration of compulsory education
Labour supply changes
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11 |
Real business cycle theories suggest that _____ to correct departures from the desired growth path. |
There is a role of fiscal policy
There is a role for monetary policy
There is a role for supply side policies
There is no case for stabilizing output over the business cycle.
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12 |
Real business cycle are cycles in |
Potential output
Actual output
Real output
International trade
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13 |
The impossibility of negative gross investment provides a______ to fluctuations in. |
Celling, stock building
Celling, capital prices
floor , output
floor , the capital output ratio
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14 |
Real business cycle theory suggests that __________ not important in explaining short term fluctuations around actual output. |
aggregate supply is
aggregate demand is
Potential output is
Real variables are
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15 |
The multiplier accelerator model assumes _______ depends on. |
Consumption, expected future profits.
Investment, interest rates.
Investment expected future profits.
Stock building, interest rates.
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16 |
The theory that explains business cycles by the dynamic interaction of consumption and investment demand is the. |
Sun spect theory
Multiplier accelerator model
Solow theory
New classical theory
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17 |
All of the following are parts of the business cycle except. |
Boom
slump
Recovery
Acceleration
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18 |
The business cycle describes fluctuations in output around the. |
Trend path of output
Boom
Recession
Short run fluctuations in output
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19 |
The growth rate of economics tend to converge because._________ is easier when capital per worker is low and because of_____ |
capital widening, technical innovation
Capital widening, catch up in technology
Capital deepening, technical innovation
Capital deepening, catch up technology.
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20 |
Economic growth may depend upon __________ and_________ |
<div>Population size , x -efficiency</div>
Population age distribution, education
Population growth, education
Population growth, technical progress
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21 |
In the neoclassical theory of growth a higher saving rate leads to. |
A higher growth rate
A fluctuating growth rate
A lower growth rate
No change in the growth rate
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22 |
The neoclassical theory of growth identities the steady state rate of growth as the _________ just sufficient to keep _______ constant while labour grows. |
Saving investment
Capital per person productivity
Labour growth , output
Investment capital per person
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23 |
Potential output can be increased by _________ or by_________ |
Increasing the use of labour, increasing the use of land
Increasing the use of capital, increasing the use of labour
Increasing the use of land, increasing the use of capital
Increasing the use of all inputs technical advances
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24 |
GDP per head may be an imperfect measure of economic welfare because it excludes. |
The value of leisure
Externalities
Untraded goods
All of the above
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25 |
In the EMU a country's competitiveness can change because of. |
Interest rate adjustment
Central bank intervention i the forex
Domestic wage and price adjustment
Devaluations
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26 |
the Maastricht criteria for entry to the EMU are that applicants should have |
Low inflation
Low interest rates
Stable nominal exchange rate
All of the above
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27 |
All of the following are benefits of the single market except. |
It allows countries to exploit their comparative advantage, more fully
Firms could more readily exploit economies of scale
It intensified competition
It is easier book holidays in member countries.
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28 |
The single European Act committed_ governments to a ___ in 1992 |
European union, single market
Western European, single currency area
European union, single currency area
Western European, single market
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29 |
In the ERM, each country fixed ___ against each other ERM participant collectively the group._____ against the rest of the world. |
A nominal exchange rate, floated
A real exchange rate, pegged
a purchasing power parity, pegged
a real exchange rate, floated
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30 |
Fiscal policy is weak under floating exchange rates as fiscal expansion. |
Crowds out imports
Crowds out public consumption
Crowds out exports
Reduces the budget deficit
|