Significant beneficial effect of smoking occur primarily in the area of mental health, and the habit originates in a search for contentment. The life expectancy of our people has increased greatly in recent years; it is possible that the relaxation and contentment and enjoyment produced by smoking has lengthened many lives. Smoking is beneficial.
Which of the following, it true, weaken the above conclusion ?
Question # 2
The states of New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and California provide extensive free higher education to their residents. Threes states are representative of different geographic areas of the united states. There is little reason why most states cannot provide the same service to their residents.
Which of the following, it true, would weaken the above argument ?
Question # 3
The movement to ownership by unions is the latest step in the progression form management ownership to employee ownership. Employee ownership can save depressed and losing companies. All the following statements, if true, provide support for the claim above except:
Question # 4
Forty years after African colonies began emerging as nations, modern loyalties still often go first to the tribe. From Angola to Ethiopia, ethnic hatred has forced hundreds of thousands of people to flee their homes, making Africa the continent with the world's largest number of refugees.
Which of the following statements best summarizes the above ?
Question # 5
Contrary to charges made by opponents of the new trade bill, the bill's provisions for taking action against foreign countries that place barriers against American exports, is justified. Opponents should take not that restrictive trade legislation in the 1930s succeeded in improving the U.S. trade balance even though economists were against it.
The author's method of rebutting opponents of the new trade bill is to
Question # 6
Many of the convenience foods on the market today, like dry cereals, have less nutrients than natural foods, which were dominant a decade or two ago. Many nutritionists claim that dry cereal gives less nourishment than natural foods like eggs or bacon. Opponents of the nutritionists views state that examination of grade-school students show less nutritional deficiency than in their parents time.
Which of the following, if true, would tend to strengthen the opponents view ?
Question # 7
The burning of coal, oil, and other combustible energy sources produces carbon dioxide, a natural constituent of the atmosphere. Elevated levels of carbon dioxide are thought to be responsible for half the greenhouse effect. Enough carbon dioxide has been sent into the atmosphere already to cause a significant temperature increase. Growth in industrial production must be slowed, or production processes must be changed.
Which of the following, it true, would tend to weaken the strength of the above conclusion ?
Question # 8
Every town with a pool hall has its share of unsavory characters. This is because the pool hall attracts gamblers and all gamblers are unsavory.
Which of the following, if true, cannot be inferred from the above ?
Question # 9
Average family income is right where it was 20 years ago, even though in most families these days, husbands and wives are working.
The above statement implies all of the following, except:
Question # 10
Typically, the entrepreneur is seen as an individual who owns and operates a small business. But, simply to own and operate a small business-or even a big business-does not make someone an entrepreneur. If this person is a true entrepreneur, then new products are being created, new ways of providing services are being implemented.
Which of the following conclusions can best be drawn from the above passage?
Question # 11
Farmers in the North have observed that heavy frost is usually preceded by a full moon somehow generates the frost.
Which of the following, if true, would weaken the farmers conviction ?
Question # 12
In the human body, platelets, promote blood clotting by clumping together. Aspirin has been found to prevent clotting by making platelets less sticky. Research has now shown that heart attacks and strokes caused by blood clots could be avoided by taking one aspirin a day. Statistics show that the incidence of second heart attacks
Unfortunately, the drug has several unpleasant side effects, including nausea, gastric bleeding, and, in severe cases, shock. In children, it has been linked to Reye Syndrome, a rare, but occasionally fatal, childhood illness.
One balance, however, for men aged 40 and over, an aspirin a day may present an excellent prophylactic measure for a disease that affects 1.5 million Americans yearly and claims the lives of about 540,000.
Which of the following conclusions can most properly be drawn from the information above ?
Question # 13
The Monopoly is characterized by absence of or decline in competition. The ABC Company realizes that its operations are in competitive industries.
Which of the following conclusions may be inferred form the above ?
Question # 14
If we are doomed to have local drug rehabilitation centers - and society has determined that we are - then society ought to pay for them.
Which of the following, if true, would weaken the above argument ?
Question # 15
In August 1980, according to a new your. Times/CBS news poll, 36 percent of the voters called themselves Republicans or said they were independents leaning toward being Republicans. In November 1984, the Republican figure rose to 47 percent. But in the latest Times/CBS survey, the Republicans were down to 38 percent. Therefore, the Democrats are likely to win the next election.
Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the above conclusion ?
Question # 16
You have three boxes, each containing two balls, one containing a black pair; one, a white pair; and third, one white ball and one black ball. On each box are pictures of two balls - either two black ones, two white ones, or one white and one black. You are told that the markings on the boxes are all wrong. You are asked to ascertain the colors of the balls contained in each box.
Which of the following statements can be inferred form the above ?
Question # 17
The President lobbied for passage of his new trade bill which would liberalize trade with industrialized countries such as Japan, members of the European Community, and Canad.
Each of the following, if true, could account for the above, except:
Question # 18
An economist was quoted as saying that the Consumer Price Index (CPI) will go up next month because of a recent increase in the price of fruit and vegetables.
Which of the following cannot be inferred from the statement ?
Question # 19
Prompted by proposal to convert a shipyard into a complex of condominiums with full-service marina and boat repair center and by concern about the proposal from local residents, baymen, and environmentalists, the town is considering a one-year building moratorium for the water front area.
Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken opposition to the complex ?
Question # 20
Opponents of the new legislation could defend themselves against the author's strategy by arguing that:
CSS MPT Test
General Abilities
Chapter 4
Important MCQ's
Sr.#
Question
Answer
1
An economist was quoted as saying that the Consumer Price Index (CPI) will go up next month because of a recent increase in the price of fruit and vegetables.
Which of the following cannot be inferred from the statement ?
A. The cost of fruits and vegetables has risen sharply.
B. Consumers have decreased their consumption of fruits and vegetables.
C. The cost of fruit and vegetables is a major item in the CPI.
D. Food cost changes are reflected quickly in the CPI.
2
The director of the customs service suggested that customs taxes on automobiles not be reduced as planned by the government because of the high incidence of traffic accidents last year.
Which of the above statements weakens the argument above ?
1. Although the traffic accident rate last year was high, it was not appreciably higher than previous years and anyway, compulsory insurance covered most physical damage to automobiles and property.
2. A Commerce Department report showed that the demand for automobiles was highly inelastic. That is, as dealers lowered their prices, sales did not increase appreciably.
3. A study by the Economics Department at Classics University found that most traffic accidents had been caused by human error although it also concluded that an inadequate road network contributed to at least 40 percent of passenger injuries.
A. I, but not II and not III.
B. II, but not I and not III.
C. I and III, but not II.
D. II and III, but not I.
3
Professor Bilal had the task of giving grades (ranging from A - D in descending value) to her 100 students, based upon the marks they received in three examinations in which the passing mark was 50%. She was instructed to follow the following criteria:
i. All students that scored between 90 and 100% in any two examinations could receive an A grade.
ii. Students that came in the top decile overall were to be awarded an A.
iii. Notwithstanding I and II, if any student failed an exam, the highest he or shed could get was a b.
iv. The top 20 students in the whole year, when the overall exam percentages were averaged, could receive an A.
Given the above criteria, which of the following in the absence of further information, would definitely not be permissible ?
A. A. Brown, who got 95% in Chemistry and 95% in Biology, received a B grade.
B. B. White, who was first in Physics and got 96% in History, received a B grade.
C. C. Green failed English, but because he ranked ninth overall out of the 100 students, he was awarded an A grade.
D. D. Black was given an A after she came twentieth out of the 100 students and failed to get above 90% in any of the three examinations.
4
Ali is a terrible driver. He has had at least five traffic violations, int he past year.
Which of the following can be said about the above claim ?
A. This is an example of an argument that is directed against the source of the claim rather than the claim itself.
B. The statement is fallacious because it contains an illegitimate appeal to authority.
C. The above argument obtains its strength from a similarity of two compared situations.
D. The argument is built upon an assumption that is not stated but rather is concealed.
5
The movement to ownership by unions is the latest step in the progression form management ownership to employee ownership. Employee ownership can save depressed and losing companies. All the following statements, if true, provide support for the claim above except:
A. Employee-owned companies generally have higher productivity.
B. Employee participation in management raises morale.
C. Employee union ownership drives up salaries and wages.
D. Employee union ownership enables workers to share in the profits.
6
Many of the convenience foods on the market today, like dry cereals, have less nutrients than natural foods, which were dominant a decade or two ago. Many nutritionists claim that dry cereal gives less nourishment than natural foods like eggs or bacon. Opponents of the nutritionists views state that examination of grade-school students show less nutritional deficiency than in their parents time.
Which of the following, if true, would tend to strengthen the opponents view ?
A. Grade-school children reported eating no breakfast at all.
B. Fewer convenience foods were available to the parents.
C. Adults claim to eat convenience foods as well as natural foods.
D. Convenience foods can be digested just as quickly as natural foods.
7
Inflation rose by 5.1 % over the second quarter, up form 4.1 % during the first quarter of the year and higher than the 3.3% record during the same time last year. However, the higher price index did not seem to alarm Wall street, as stock prices remained steady.
Which of the following, if true, could explain the reaction of Wall Street ?
A. Stock prices were steady because of a fear that inflation would continue.
B. The President announced that he was concerned about rising inflation.
C. Economists warned that inflation would persist.
D. Much of the quarterly increase in the price level was due to a summer droughts effect on food prices.
8
Every town with a pool hall has its share of unsavory characters. This is because the pool hall attracts gamblers and all gamblers are unsavory.
Which of the following, if true, cannot be inferred from the above ?
A. All gamblers are unsavory,
B. All pol halls attract gamblers.
C. Every town has unsavory characters.
D. All gamblers are attracted by pool halls.
9
Pioneers of the motor-car industry realized that if they were going to meet the growing demand for their product, they had to adapt the labor force used in the productive process. Instead of many men working to complete all the stages of one car at a time, they assigned defined tasks to each man which they would repeat on every car.
Which of the following can be concluded form the passage ?
A. Early motor car manufacturers intended to increase productivity by applying the principle of division of labor.
B. The car workers became disgruntled because they were assigned monotonous, repetitive tasks on the assembly line.
C. Economies of scale enabled early motor companies to expand.
D. A bad worker would perform the same task badly on each car, leading to many more rejects.
10
Prompted by proposal to convert a shipyard into a complex of condominiums with full-service marina and boat repair center and by concern about the proposal from local residents, baymen, and environmentalists, the town is considering a one-year building moratorium for the water front area.
Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken opposition to the complex ?
A. Condominiums would sell for $350,000 each.
B. There is a large demand for boat repair services.
C. A growing population results in the closure of shellfish.
D. There are already 1,200 moorings on the waterfront.
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