[{"id":1068155,"question":"What are the tiny air sacs in the lungs where the actual exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) occurs?","choices":[{"text":"Bronchi","value":"A"},{"text":"Trachea","value":"B"},{"text":"Bronchioles","value":"C"},{"text":"Alveoli","value":"D"},{"value":"E"}],"correctAnswer":4},{"id":1068154,"question":"Which sequence correctly represents the path of air from the outside environment to the alveoli during inhalation?","choices":[{"text":"Nasal cavity → Pharynx → Larynx → Trachea → Bronchi → Bronchioles → Alveoli","value":"A"},{"text":"Larynx → Pharynx → Nasal cavity → Trachea → Bronchi → Bronchioles → Alveoli","value":"B"},{"text":"Nasal cavity → Trachea → Pharynx → Larynx → Bronchi → Bronchioles → Alveoli","value":"C"},{"text":"Pharynx → Nasal cavity → Larynx → Trachea → Bronchi → Bronchioles → Alveoli","value":"D"},{"value":"E"}],"correctAnswer":1},{"id":1068153,"question":"What is the primary organ responsible for gaseous exchange in humans?","choices":[{"text":"Heart","value":"A"},{"text":"Kidneys","value":"B"},{"text":"Lungs","value":"C"},{"text":"Liver","value":"D"},{"value":"E"}],"correctAnswer":3},{"id":1068142,"question":"Which respiratory disorder is most strongly associated with uncontrolled cell growth in the lung tissues, often linked to smoking?","choices":[{"text":"Asthma","value":"A"},{"text":"Emphysema","value":"B"},{"text":"Lung Cancer","value":"C"},{"text":"Tuberculosis","value":"D"},{"value":"E"}],"correctAnswer":3},{"id":1068141,"question":"Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs that can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. What is the main effect of pneumonia on the lungs?","choices":[{"text":"Thickening of the vocal cords","value":"A"},{"text":"Collapse of the trachea","value":"B"},{"text":"Inflammation and fluid accumulation in the alveoli","value":"C"},{"text":"Hardening of the diaphragm","value":"D"},{"value":"E"}],"correctAnswer":3},{"id":1068140,"question":"What is the primary characteristic of asthma?","choices":[{"text":"Permanent damage to alveolar walls","value":"A"},{"text":"Inflammation of the pharynx","value":"B"},{"text":"Spasms of the bronchi and bronchioles, narrowing the airways","value":"C"},{"text":"Fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity","value":"D"},{"value":"E"}],"correctAnswer":3},{"id":1068139,"question":"A condition where the walls of the alveoli are damaged, leading to an enlargement of air spaces and a reduction in the surface area for gas exchange, is called:","choices":[{"text":"Asthma","value":"A"},{"text":"Pneumonia","value":"B"},{"text":"Bronchitis","value":"C"},{"text":"Emphysema","value":"D"},{"value":"E"}],"correctAnswer":4},{"id":1068138,"question":"Which respiratory disorder is characterized by the inflammation of the bronchial tubes, leading to excessive mucus production and persistent coughing?","choices":[{"text":"Emphysema","value":"A"},{"text":"Asthma","value":"B"},{"text":"Bronchitis","value":"C"},{"text":"Pneumonia","value":"D"},{"value":"E"}],"correctAnswer":3},{"id":1068137,"question":"Which of the following is the main nitrogenous waste product excreted by the human urinary system?","choices":[{"text":"Carbon dioxide","value":"A"},{"text":"Bile","value":"B"},{"text":"Urea","value":"C"},{"text":"Lactic acid","value":"D"},{"value":"E"}],"correctAnswer":3},{"id":1068136,"question":"The process by which essential substances like glucose, amino acids, and some salts are reabsorbed back into the blood from the renal tubule is known as:","choices":[{"text":"Glomerular filtration","value":"A"},{"text":"Tubular reabsorption","value":"B"},{"text":"Tubular secretion","value":"C"},{"text":"Micturition","value":"D"},{"value":"E"}],"correctAnswer":2},{"id":1068135,"question":"Which of the following correctly represents the path of urine out of the human body?","choices":[{"text":"Kidney → Urethra → Ureter → Urinary Bladder","value":"A"},{"text":"Kidney → Urinary Bladder → Ureter → Urethra","value":"B"},{"text":"Kidney → Ureter → Urinary Bladder → Urethra","value":"C"},{"text":"Kidney → Urinary Bladder → Urethra → Ureter","value":"D"},{"value":"E"}],"correctAnswer":3},{"id":1068134,"question":"The basic structural and functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtering blood and forming urine is called the:","choices":[{"text":"Neuron","value":"A"},{"text":"Alveolus","value":"B"},{"text":"Nephron","value":"C"},{"text":"Hepatocyte","value":"D"},{"value":"E"}],"correctAnswer":3}]