The public distribution system, which provides food at low\r\nprices, is a subject of vital concern. There is a growing realization that\r\nthought Pakistan has enough food to feed its masses three square meals a day,\r\nthe monster of starvation and food insecurity continues to haunt the poor in\r\nour country.
Increasing the purchasing power of the poor through\r\nproviding productive employment leading to rising income, and thus good standard\r\nof living is the ultimate objective of public policy. However, till then, there\r\nis a need to provide assured supply of food through a restructured more\r\nefficient and decentralized public distribution system (PDS).
Although the PDS is extensive – it is one of the largest\r\nsuch systems in the world – it has yet to reach the rural poor and the far off\r\nplaces. It remains an urban phenomenon, with the majority of the rural poor\r\nstill out of its reach due to lack of economic and physical access. The poorest\r\nin the cities and the migrants are left out, for they generally do not possess\r\nration cards. The allocation of PDS supplies in big cities is larger than in\r\nrural areas. In view of such deficiencies in the system, the PDS urgently needs\r\nto be streamlined. In addition, considering the large food grains production\r\ncombined with food subsidy on one hand and the continuing slow starvation and dismal\r\npoverty of the rural population on the other, there is a strong case for making\r\nPDS target group oriented.
The growing salaried class is provided job security, regular\r\nincome, and percent insulation against inflation. These gains of development\r\nhave not percolated down to the vast majority of our working population. If one\r\ncompares only dearness allowance to the employees in public and private sector\r\nand looks at its growth in the past few years, the rising food subsidy is\r\ninsignificant to the point of inequity. The food subsidy is a kind of D.A. to\r\nthe poor, the self-employed and those in the unorganized sector of the economy.\r\nHowever, what is most unfortunate is that out of the large budget of the so –\r\ncalled food subsidy, the major part of it is administrative cost and wastages.\r\nA small portion of the above budget goes to the real consumer and an even\r\nlesser portion to the poor who are in real need.
It is true that subsidies should not become a permanent feature\r\nexcept for the destitute, disabled widows and the old. It is also true that\r\nsubsidies often create a psychology of dependence and hence is habit – forming,\r\nkilling the general initiative of the people. By making PDS target group\r\noriented, not only the poorest and neediest would be reached without additional\r\ncost, but it will actually cut overall costs incurred on large cities and for\r\nbetter off localities. When the food and food subsidy are limited the rural and\r\nurban poor should have the priority in the PDS supplies. The PDS should be\r\nclosely linked with programs of employment generation and nutrition\r\nimprovement.
Which of the following,\r\naccording to the passage, it compared with dearness allowance?
The public distribution system, which provides food at low\r\nprices, is a subject of vital concern. There is a growing realization that\r\nthought Pakistan has enough food to feed its masses three square meals a day,\r\nthe monster of starvation and food insecurity continues to haunt the poor in\r\nour country.
Increasing the purchasing power of the poor through\r\nproviding productive employment leading to rising income, and thus good standard\r\nof living is the ultimate objective of public policy. However, till then, there\r\nis a need to provide assured supply of food through a restructured more\r\nefficient and decentralized public distribution system (PDS).
Although the PDS is extensive – it is one of the largest\r\nsuch systems in the world – it has yet to reach the rural poor and the far off\r\nplaces. It remains an urban phenomenon, with the majority of the rural poor\r\nstill out of its reach due to lack of economic and physical access. The poorest\r\nin the cities and the migrants are left out, for they generally do not possess\r\nration cards. The allocation of PDS supplies in big cities is larger than in\r\nrural areas. In view of such deficiencies in the system, the PDS urgently needs\r\nto be streamlined. In addition, considering the large food grains production\r\ncombined with food subsidy on one hand and the continuing slow starvation and dismal\r\npoverty of the rural population on the other, there is a strong case for making\r\nPDS target group oriented.
The growing salaried class is provided job security, regular\r\nincome, and percent insulation against inflation. These gains of development\r\nhave not percolated down to the vast majority of our working population. If one\r\ncompares only dearness allowance to the employees in public and private sector\r\nand looks at its growth in the past few years, the rising food subsidy is\r\ninsignificant to the point of inequity. The food subsidy is a kind of D.A. to\r\nthe poor, the self-employed and those in the unorganized sector of the economy.\r\nHowever, what is most unfortunate is that out of the large budget of the so –\r\ncalled food subsidy, the major part of it is administrative cost and wastages.\r\nA small portion of the above budget goes to the real consumer and an even\r\nlesser portion to the poor who are in real need.
It is true that subsidies should not become a permanent feature\r\nexcept for the destitute, disabled widows and the old. It is also true that\r\nsubsidies often create a psychology of dependence and hence is habit – forming,\r\nkilling the general initiative of the people. By making PDS target group\r\noriented, not only the poorest and neediest would be reached without additional\r\ncost, but it will actually cut overall costs incurred on large cities and for\r\nbetter off localities. When the food and food subsidy are limited the rural and\r\nurban poor should have the priority in the PDS supplies. The PDS should be\r\nclosely linked with programs of employment generation and nutrition\r\nimprovement.
What should be an\r\nappropriate step to make the PDS effective?
The public distribution system, which provides food at low\r\nprices, is a subject of vital concern. There is a growing realization that\r\nthought Pakistan has enough food to feed its masses three square meals a day,\r\nthe monster of starvation and food insecurity continues to haunt the poor in\r\nour country.
Increasing the purchasing power of the poor through\r\nproviding productive employment leading to rising income, and thus good standard\r\nof living is the ultimate objective of public policy. However, till then, there\r\nis a need to provide assured supply of food through a restructured more\r\nefficient and decentralized public distribution system (PDS).
Although the PDS is extensive – it is one of the largest\r\nsuch systems in the world – it has yet to reach the rural poor and the far off\r\nplaces. It remains an urban phenomenon, with the majority of the rural poor\r\nstill out of its reach due to lack of economic and physical access. The poorest\r\nin the cities and the migrants are left out, for they generally do not possess\r\nration cards. The allocation of PDS supplies in big cities is larger than in\r\nrural areas. In view of such deficiencies in the system, the PDS urgently needs\r\nto be streamlined. In addition, considering the large food grains production\r\ncombined with food subsidy on one hand and the continuing slow starvation and dismal\r\npoverty of the rural population on the other, there is a strong case for making\r\nPDS target group oriented.
The growing salaried class is provided job security, regular\r\nincome, and percent insulation against inflation. These gains of development\r\nhave not percolated down to the vast majority of our working population. If one\r\ncompares only dearness allowance to the employees in public and private sector\r\nand looks at its growth in the past few years, the rising food subsidy is\r\ninsignificant to the point of inequity. The food subsidy is a kind of D.A. to\r\nthe poor, the self-employed and those in the unorganized sector of the economy.\r\nHowever, what is most unfortunate is that out of the large budget of the so –\r\ncalled food subsidy, the major part of it is administrative cost and wastages.\r\nA small portion of the above budget goes to the real consumer and an even\r\nlesser portion to the poor who are in real need.
It is true that subsidies should not become a permanent feature\r\nexcept for the destitute, disabled widows and the old. It is also true that\r\nsubsidies often create a psychology of dependence and hence is habit – forming,\r\nkilling the general initiative of the people. By making PDS target group\r\noriented, not only the poorest and neediest would be reached without additional\r\ncost, but it will actually cut overall costs incurred on large cities and for\r\nbetter off localities. When the food and food subsidy are limited the rural and\r\nurban poor should have the priority in the PDS supplies. The PDS should be\r\nclosely linked with programs of employment generation and nutrition\r\nimprovement.
What, according to the\r\npassage, is the main concern about the PDS?
The public distribution system, which provides food at low\r\nprices, is a subject of vital concern. There is a growing realization that\r\nthought Pakistan has enough food to feed its masses three square meals a day,\r\nthe monster of starvation and food insecurity continues to haunt the poor in\r\nour country.
Increasing the purchasing power of the poor through\r\nproviding productive employment leading to rising income, and thus good standard\r\nof living is the ultimate objective of public policy. However, till then, there\r\nis a need to provide assured supply of food through a restructured more\r\nefficient and decentralized public distribution system (PDS).
Although the PDS is extensive – it is one of the largest\r\nsuch systems in the world – it has yet to reach the rural poor and the far off\r\nplaces. It remains an urban phenomenon, with the majority of the rural poor\r\nstill out of its reach due to lack of economic and physical access. The poorest\r\nin the cities and the migrants are left out, for they generally do not possess\r\nration cards. The allocation of PDS supplies in big cities is larger than in\r\nrural areas. In view of such deficiencies in the system, the PDS urgently needs\r\nto be streamlined. In addition, considering the large food grains production\r\ncombined with food subsidy on one hand and the continuing slow starvation and dismal\r\npoverty of the rural population on the other, there is a strong case for making\r\nPDS target group oriented.
The growing salaried class is provided job security, regular\r\nincome, and percent insulation against inflation. These gains of development\r\nhave not percolated down to the vast majority of our working population. If one\r\ncompares only dearness allowance to the employees in public and private sector\r\nand looks at its growth in the past few years, the rising food subsidy is\r\ninsignificant to the point of inequity. The food subsidy is a kind of D.A. to\r\nthe poor, the self-employed and those in the unorganized sector of the economy.\r\nHowever, what is most unfortunate is that out of the large budget of the so –\r\ncalled food subsidy, the major part of it is administrative cost and wastages.\r\nA small portion of the above budget goes to the real consumer and an even\r\nlesser portion to the poor who are in real need.
It is true that subsidies should not become a permanent feature\r\nexcept for the destitute, disabled widows and the old. It is also true that\r\nsubsidies often create a psychology of dependence and hence is habit – forming,\r\nkilling the general initiative of the people. By making PDS target group\r\noriented, not only the poorest and neediest would be reached without additional\r\ncost, but it will actually cut overall costs incurred on large cities and for\r\nbetter off localities. When the food and food subsidy are limited the rural and\r\nurban poor should have the priority in the PDS supplies. The PDS should be\r\nclosely linked with programs of employment generation and nutrition\r\nimprovement.
Which of the following\r\nwords is the same in meaning as 'power' as used in the passage?
The public distribution system, which provides food at low\r\nprices, is a subject of vital concern. There is a growing realization that\r\nthought Pakistan has enough food to feed its masses three square meals a day,\r\nthe monster of starvation and food insecurity continues to haunt the poor in\r\nour country.
Increasing the purchasing power of the poor through\r\nproviding productive employment leading to rising income, and thus good standard\r\nof living is the ultimate objective of public policy. However, till then, there\r\nis a need to provide assured supply of food through a restructured more\r\nefficient and decentralized public distribution system (PDS).
Although the PDS is extensive – it is one of the largest\r\nsuch systems in the world – it has yet to reach the rural poor and the far off\r\nplaces. It remains an urban phenomenon, with the majority of the rural poor\r\nstill out of its reach due to lack of economic and physical access. The poorest\r\nin the cities and the migrants are left out, for they generally do not possess\r\nration cards. The allocation of PDS supplies in big cities is larger than in\r\nrural areas. In view of such deficiencies in the system, the PDS urgently needs\r\nto be streamlined. In addition, considering the large food grains production\r\ncombined with food subsidy on one hand and the continuing slow starvation and dismal\r\npoverty of the rural population on the other, there is a strong case for making\r\nPDS target group oriented.
The growing salaried class is provided job security, regular\r\nincome, and percent insulation against inflation. These gains of development\r\nhave not percolated down to the vast majority of our working population. If one\r\ncompares only dearness allowance to the employees in public and private sector\r\nand looks at its growth in the past few years, the rising food subsidy is\r\ninsignificant to the point of inequity. The food subsidy is a kind of D.A. to\r\nthe poor, the self-employed and those in the unorganized sector of the economy.\r\nHowever, what is most unfortunate is that out of the large budget of the so –\r\ncalled food subsidy, the major part of it is administrative cost and wastages.\r\nA small portion of the above budget goes to the real consumer and an even\r\nlesser portion to the poor who are in real need.
It is true that subsidies should not become a permanent feature\r\nexcept for the destitute, disabled widows and the old. It is also true that\r\nsubsidies often create a psychology of dependence and hence is habit – forming,\r\nkilling the general initiative of the people. By making PDS target group\r\noriented, not only the poorest and neediest would be reached without additional\r\ncost, but it will actually cut overall costs incurred on large cities and for\r\nbetter off localities. When the food and food subsidy are limited the rural and\r\nurban poor should have the priority in the PDS supplies. The PDS should be\r\nclosely linked with programs of employment generation and nutrition\r\nimprovement.
The word “square” as used in the passage means
The public distribution system, which provides food at low\r\nprices, is a subject of vital concern. There is a growing realization that\r\nthought Pakistan has enough food to feed its masses three square meals a day,\r\nthe monster of starvation and food insecurity continues to haunt the poor in\r\nour country.
Increasing the purchasing power of the poor through\r\nproviding productive employment leading to rising income, and thus good standard\r\nof living is the ultimate objective of public policy. However, till then, there\r\nis a need to provide assured supply of food through a restructured more\r\nefficient and decentralized public distribution system (PDS).
Although the PDS is extensive – it is one of the largest\r\nsuch systems in the world – it has yet to reach the rural poor and the far off\r\nplaces. It remains an urban phenomenon, with the majority of the rural poor\r\nstill out of its reach due to lack of economic and physical access. The poorest\r\nin the cities and the migrants are left out, for they generally do not possess\r\nration cards. The allocation of PDS supplies in big cities is larger than in\r\nrural areas. In view of such deficiencies in the system, the PDS urgently needs\r\nto be streamlined. In addition, considering the large food grains production\r\ncombined with food subsidy on one hand and the continuing slow starvation and dismal\r\npoverty of the rural population on the other, there is a strong case for making\r\nPDS target group oriented.
The growing salaried class is provided job security, regular\r\nincome, and percent insulation against inflation. These gains of development\r\nhave not percolated down to the vast majority of our working population. If one\r\ncompares only dearness allowance to the employees in public and private sector\r\nand looks at its growth in the past few years, the rising food subsidy is\r\ninsignificant to the point of inequity. The food subsidy is a kind of D.A. to\r\nthe poor, the self-employed and those in the unorganized sector of the economy.\r\nHowever, what is most unfortunate is that out of the large budget of the so –\r\ncalled food subsidy, the major part of it is administrative cost and wastages.\r\nA small portion of the above budget goes to the real consumer and an even\r\nlesser portion to the poor who are in real need.
It is true that subsidies should not become a permanent feature\r\nexcept for the destitute, disabled widows and the old. It is also true that\r\nsubsidies often create a psychology of dependence and hence is habit – forming,\r\nkilling the general initiative of the people. By making PDS target group\r\noriented, not only the poorest and neediest would be reached without additional\r\ncost, but it will actually cut overall costs incurred on large cities and for\r\nbetter off localities. When the food and food subsidy are limited the rural and\r\nurban poor should have the priority in the PDS supplies. The PDS should be\r\nclosely linked with programs of employment generation and nutrition\r\nimprovement.
\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Which of the following is true of public distribution\r\nsystem?
The public distribution system, which provides food at low\r\nprices, is a subject of vital concern. There is a growing realization that\r\nthought Pakistan has enough food to feed its masses three square meals a day,\r\nthe monster of starvation and food insecurity continues to haunt the poor in\r\nour country.
Increasing the purchasing power of the poor through\r\nproviding productive employment leading to rising income, and thus good standard\r\nof living is the ultimate objective of public policy. However, till then, there\r\nis a need to provide assured supply of food through a restructured more\r\nefficient and decentralized public distribution system (PDS).
Although the PDS is extensive – it is one of the largest\r\nsuch systems in the world – it has yet to reach the rural poor and the far off\r\nplaces. It remains an urban phenomenon, with the majority of the rural poor\r\nstill out of its reach due to lack of economic and physical access. The poorest\r\nin the cities and the migrants are left out, for they generally do not possess\r\nration cards. The allocation of PDS supplies in big cities is larger than in\r\nrural areas. In view of such deficiencies in the system, the PDS urgently needs\r\nto be streamlined. In addition, considering the large food grains production\r\ncombined with food subsidy on one hand and the continuing slow starvation and dismal\r\npoverty of the rural population on the other, there is a strong case for making\r\nPDS target group oriented.
The growing salaried class is provided job security, regular\r\nincome, and percent insulation against inflation. These gains of development\r\nhave not percolated down to the vast majority of our working population. If one\r\ncompares only dearness allowance to the employees in public and private sector\r\nand looks at its growth in the past few years, the rising food subsidy is\r\ninsignificant to the point of inequity. The food subsidy is a kind of D.A. to\r\nthe poor, the self-employed and those in the unorganized sector of the economy.\r\nHowever, what is most unfortunate is that out of the large budget of the so –\r\ncalled food subsidy, the major part of it is administrative cost and wastages.\r\nA small portion of the above budget goes to the real consumer and an even\r\nlesser portion to the poor who are in real need.
It is true that subsidies should not become a permanent feature\r\nexcept for the destitute, disabled widows and the old. It is also true that\r\nsubsidies often create a psychology of dependence and hence is habit – forming,\r\nkilling the general initiative of the people. By making PDS target group\r\noriented, not only the poorest and neediest would be reached without additional\r\ncost, but it will actually cut overall costs incurred on large cities and for\r\nbetter off localities. When the food and food subsidy are limited the rural and\r\nurban poor should have the priority in the PDS supplies. The PDS should be\r\nclosely linked with programs of employment generation and nutrition\r\nimprovement.
What, according to the passage, is be the main purpose of\r\npublic policy in the long run?
The public distribution system, which provides food at low\r\nprices, is a subject of vital concern. There is a growing realization that\r\nthought Pakistan has enough food to feed its masses three square meals a day,\r\nthe monster of starvation and food insecurity continues to haunt the poor in\r\nour country.
Increasing the purchasing power of the poor through\r\nproviding productive employment leading to rising income, and thus good standard\r\nof living is the ultimate objective of public policy. However, till then, there\r\nis a need to provide assured supply of food through a restructured more\r\nefficient and decentralized public distribution system (PDS).
Although the PDS is extensive – it is one of the largest\r\nsuch systems in the world – it has yet to reach the rural poor and the far off\r\nplaces. It remains an urban phenomenon, with the majority of the rural poor\r\nstill out of its reach due to lack of economic and physical access. The poorest\r\nin the cities and the migrants are left out, for they generally do not possess\r\nration cards. The allocation of PDS supplies in big cities is larger than in\r\nrural areas. In view of such deficiencies in the system, the PDS urgently needs\r\nto be streamlined. In addition, considering the large food grains production\r\ncombined with food subsidy on one hand and the continuing slow starvation and dismal\r\npoverty of the rural population on the other, there is a strong case for making\r\nPDS target group oriented.
The growing salaried class is provided job security, regular\r\nincome, and percent insulation against inflation. These gains of development\r\nhave not percolated down to the vast majority of our working population. If one\r\ncompares only dearness allowance to the employees in public and private sector\r\nand looks at its growth in the past few years, the rising food subsidy is\r\ninsignificant to the point of inequity. The food subsidy is a kind of D.A. to\r\nthe poor, the self-employed and those in the unorganized sector of the economy.\r\nHowever, what is most unfortunate is that out of the large budget of the so –\r\ncalled food subsidy, the major part of it is administrative cost and wastages.\r\nA small portion of the above budget goes to the real consumer and an even\r\nlesser portion to the poor who are in real need.
It is true that subsidies should not become a permanent feature\r\nexcept for the destitute, disabled widows and the old. It is also true that\r\nsubsidies often create a psychology of dependence and hence is habit – forming,\r\nkilling the general initiative of the people. By making PDS target group\r\noriented, not only the poorest and neediest would be reached without additional\r\ncost, but it will actually cut overall costs incurred on large cities and for\r\nbetter off localities. When the food and food subsidy are limited the rural and\r\nurban poor should have the priority in the PDS supplies. The PDS should be\r\nclosely linked with programs of employment generation and nutrition\r\nimprovement.
Which of the following is the main reason for insufficient\r\nsupply of enough food to the poorest?
The history of literature really began was the earliest of\r\nthe arts. Man danced for joy round his primitive camp fire after the defeat and\r\nslaughter of his enemy. He yelled and shouted as he danced and gradually the\r\nyells and shouts became coherent and caught the measure of the coherent and\r\ncaught the measure of the dance and thus the first war song was sung. As the\r\nidea of God developed prayers were framed. The songs and prayers became\r\ntraditional and were repeated from one generation to another, each generation\r\nadding something of its own. As man slowly grew more civilized, he was\r\ncompelled to invent some method of writing by three urgent necessities. There\r\nwere certain things that it was dangerous to forget and which, therefore, had\r\nto be recorded. It was often necessary to communicate with person who were some\r\ndistance away and it was necessary to protect one’s property by making tools,\r\ncattle and so on, in some distinctive manner. So man taught himself to write\r\nand having learned to write purely for utilitarian reasons he used this new\r\nmethod for preserving his war songs and his prayers. Of course, among these\r\nancient peoples, There were only a very few individuals who learned to write,\r\nand only a few could read what was written.
The word ‘measure’ in the context of the passage means
The history of literature really began was the earliest of\r\nthe arts. Man danced for joy round his primitive camp fire after the defeat and\r\nslaughter of his enemy. He yelled and shouted as he danced and gradually the\r\nyells and shouts became coherent and caught the measure of the coherent and\r\ncaught the measure of the dance and thus the first war song was sung. As the\r\nidea of God developed prayers were framed. The songs and prayers became\r\ntraditional and were repeated from one generation to another, each generation\r\nadding something of its own. As man slowly grew more civilized, he was\r\ncompelled to invent some method of writing by three urgent necessities. There\r\nwere certain things that it was dangerous to forget and which, therefore, had\r\nto be recorded. It was often necessary to communicate with person who were some\r\ndistance away and it was necessary to protect one’s property by making tools,\r\ncattle and so on, in some distinctive manner. So man taught himself to write\r\nand having learned to write purely for utilitarian reasons he used this new\r\nmethod for preserving his war songs and his prayers. Of course, among these\r\nancient peoples, There were only a very few individuals who learned to write,\r\nand only a few could read what was written.
Main invented writing because he wanted