Family is the oldest, the basic and universal institution. It is the family that mediates between the individuals in the society, and helps to take his place in the world at large and simultaneously is providing protection and privacy. It perpetuates the race and acts as chief agency of socialization of the children.

Family meets the emotional needs of its members provide physical care and growth of personality equips the children to live successfully as a member of the society. Thus it can be safely said that family is of paramount importance in the world.

The structure and- organization of the society revolves around this unit. Any disorganization within the family may become the cause of disorganization of the society that may create serious obstacles in the developmental activities of a nation. The foundation of family is laid through marriage. Family and marriage cannot be separated from each other; both are cause and effect of each other. To be a husband or wife is to be endowed with rights and obligations by the operation of law. Marriage has got many important functions to perform as said by Muhammad (1976).

Even Islam forbids celibacy and stresses marriage for the proper functioning of the society as Alt (1975) says: "Islam is against celibacy and considers marriage to be one of the .essential duties of a Muslim”

To Rinehart (1957) divorce represents the legal dissolution of the marriage, it certainly is me final one.

Divorce according to Islam can be effective only when all efforts- of reconciliation are exhausted. The period of three' months known as "Iddat" is given to both the parties as a final opportunity' for column thinking and deliberation. After that if they may not come to reconciliations, they can be set apart Dawood (1956), says: The Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him) gave permission of divorce very hesitatingly, "If you divorce your wives, divorce them at the, end of their waiting period".

In our society separation of couple occurs in extreme cases of maladjustment. In our religion divorce is permitted, but in extreme cases. The Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him) has said that "of all things permitted, the most obnoxious in the sight of God is divorce" (Khan, 1962).

Divorce is considered lo be one of the important factors responsible for the disruption of the mutual relations since its very occurrence is destined to break the family ties, which marriage had made. Divorce occurs on many grounds such as economic, Psychological, mantel marriage or the "Watta satta" basis in which the educated boys cannot find educated girls that leads to misgivings and misunderstanding between husband and wife.

The ground for divorce differs to some extent in each social class in urban arrangement. Five to ten percent of all marriages end in divorce, whereas one .hardly ever hears of broken marriages in village (Amin, 1978).

In working class, even when a woman thinks she would be happier by ending her marriage realizes, there is little she can do about it.

In our society, "Haq-Mehr" and dowry are important social values which sometime may be the cause of divorce. This may be based on reasoning that there is a high competition and the amount of expenditures on such festivities reflects the prestige of the families. The united states has the highest divorces rate i.e. 5.1 percent include Sweden, 3.3 percent in USSR, 2.95 percent in Cuba, 2.3 percent and Egypt, 2.0 percent (Broosk, 1978).

In the past few years, many people in different professions and from different parts of the political spectrum have been taking a new look at divorce. They have come up with severed kinds of proposals that would reduce divorce. These include requiring both spouses’ consent for a no-fault divorce; introduction optional’ covenant marriage, ‘and pre-martial counsel requirement, imposed either by churches and synagogues or by states.

A new awareness of the real causes and effects of divorce began in the mid-1980s. Sociologists began to report that women’s and children’s incomes nosedive after divorce. Economic and legal scholars pointed out that our current divorce laws lead to far more divorces than would be economically efficient for the people involved, because of the laws let either spouse the marriage for any reason. This encourages people to be prepared for divorce and to look out their own self-interest, rather than invest their entire lives in a marriage which have legal protection. Many other scholars have discovered that divorce has many bad effects on children; it greatly increases the risks of emotional problems, teen pregnancy, drugs problems, smoking, poverty and crime.

First Lady Hillary R. Clinton has written; ‘Recent studies demonstrate convincingly that.........children living with one parent or in step-families re two to three times more likely to have emotional and behavioral problems as compared to children living in two-parent families …Every society required a critical mass of families that fit the traditional ideal, both to meet the needs of most children and to serve as a model for other adults who are raising children in difficult settings. We are at risk of losing mass in America today’.

Finally, therapists and marriage counselors have come forward to say that most marriages do not simply ‘fail’ because of fate or predestination. Rather, 'What usually happens is that people give up their marriages because they are not as committed as they should to making it work?

State legislators have responded to these findings in several ways. They introduced bills that would require the consent of both spouses for most divorces if the family has children. However, divorce would still be available without consent in cases of things like abuse, desertion or adultery, using the "fault" grounds of divorce that are still available in most states. None of these bills passed yet in any state, although they have come very close in some states.

Credit problems are common during divorce. As couples fight over who pays what, creditors are left unpaid and unimpressed with excuses. While divorce is pending, they try to search out an agreement that allocates bill payment responsibility. If this is not possible, ask the court to issue temporary Support orders, but don't expect a court to care about past due balances unless you are facing eviction or about to have your electricity shut off. Issues relating to consumer debt and other non-emergency items are unpaid for a year, two years, or even longer.

The "crude" divorce rate is calculated on the basis of the number of divorces per 1000 population. This provides a better measure of the divorce rate because this allows us to compare the rate over time and across the country by taking into account the size of the population (number of people). However, this number has a problem in that as it uses the entire population (including children), some of whom are not married and question of divorce does not arise (Robber, 1999).

An important question is what has caused the increase in the divorce rate? Furstenberg (1994) noted that the United Stated has one of the highest divorce rates in the world and that this rate has continuously grown over the past 140 years. He suggests that this pattern is connected to the cultural value that Americans place on -independence. He asserts that a culture that values independence encourages people to seek their own personal development rather than stay committed to family (Robert, 1999).

Mediation is an alternative means of settling disputes that can save you thousands of rupees and many hours spent in protected litigation. In family law disputes, mediation is often preferred over litigation because ill facilitates future communication between the parties which is necessary when the future of the children is at stake.

The foundation of family is laid through marriage. After marriage new phase of life starts with new obligations and responsibilities. Mal-adjustment in matrimonial relationship leads to disharmony in family life and indirectly affects the living patterns of the members of the society. This disharmony sometimes ends in divorce. It is essential to maintain stability and order in the society, therefore, the reason of the initializing forces (like divorce) should to found out.

In view of the importance of stable matrimonial relations and their effect upon the total society, it is decided to conduct a research on the causes of divorce. So that important causes of disharmony in family life may come to light and in future efforts should be made to avoid these factors.

The universe for the present study was the females who were in district Faisalabad. Hundred cases were randomly selected as a male consisting of females. Interviewing schedule was used as a tool of data collection and data thus collected were statistically interpreted.

The major findings of the study were:

• Majority of the female respondents belonged to younger age group.
• Duration of marriage was not more than 10 years in more than three-fourth of the cases.
• Education level of the females was lower.
• In majority of the cases the marriage was arranged by the parent.
• Major portion of the female respondents did not like their count counterparts.
• Childlessness, bad character of the partner, mental incompatibility, difference of education and social status - are the various causes given by the respondents, in support of their divorce cases.
• Education and income level of the counterpart had association with their reason for getting divorce.
• Age of the respondents had no association with their decision of getting divorce.

Conclusion
It can be safely said in the end that the reasons given by the respondents should be properly and thoroughly probed, so that something can be done to avoid these divorce causes in future. Education, income and age level should be counted as important factors by coming researchers and studies on the bases of these factors should be conducted on enlarged bases – base time and sample-wise. So that generalization can be made on the bases of such studies.

Suggestions
Increase the educational level to reduce the divorce rate. To reduce the watta satta marriages. Changed the family social setup to reduce the divorce rate. Improve our economic and .social conditions to reduce the divorce rate. To avoid the low-age marriages.